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Online MEDed > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q
  • pain on exertion
  • pain gets better w/ rest
  • negative biomarkers
  • no ST elevation
  • occlusion 70%
A

SA

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2
Q
  • pain at rest
  • pain DOESNT get better with rest
  • negative biomarkers
  • no ST elevation
  • occlusion 90%
A

UA

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3
Q
  • pain at rest
  • pain DOESNT get better with rest
  • POSITIVE BIOMARKERS
  • no ST elevation
  • occlusion 90%
A

NSTEMI

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4
Q
  • pain at rest
  • pain DOESNT get better with rest
  • POSITIVE BIOMARKERS
  • ST elevation
  • 100% occlusion
A

STEMI

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5
Q

MONA BASH

A 
Morphine
O2
Nitrates
Aspirin
-Beta-Blocker
-ACE-I
-Statin
-Heparin
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6
Q

HPI:

  • substernal
  • worse exertion
  • relived NGT
A

coronary artery disease

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7
Q

coronary artery disease

risk factors:

A
  • DM
  • Smocking
  • HTN
  • HLD
  • Obesity
  • FAM HX
  • AGE >45 M and >55 F
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8
Q

coronary artery disease

assoc sxs:

A
  • SDB
  • presyncope
  • N/V
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9
Q

coronary artery disease

physical exam:

A
  • nonpleuritic
  • nonpositional
  • non-tender
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10
Q

CHF exacerbation tx:

A 
Latix-Furosemide
Morphine
Nitrates
O2
Position
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11
Q
  • JVD
  • hepatosmegaly
  • peripheal edema
  • crackles
A

Heart Failure

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12
Q
  • DOE
  • Orthopnea
  • PND
  • abd pain
  • weight gain
A

Heart Failure

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13
Q

ER

heart failure tests

A

CXR
BNP
Troponin
ECG

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14
Q 
HF 
class 1 tx
A

BB

Ace-I

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15
Q 
HF 
class 2 tx
A

BB
Ace-I
loop diuretics

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16
Q 
HF 
class 3 tx
A

BB
Ace-I
loop diuretics
ISDN-Hydralazine and Spironolactone

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17
Q 
HF 
class 4 tx
A

Inotropes

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18
Q

2 murmurs heard at the apex

A
  • mitral stenosis

- mitral insufficiency

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19
Q

opening snap rumbling

A

mitral stenosis

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20
Q

rumbling murmur

A

aortic insufficiency

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21
Q

holocystolic murmur

A

mitral insufficiency

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22
Q

crescendo decrescendo

A

aortic stenosis

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23
Q

2 murmurs heard at the base

A
  • aortic insufficiency

- aortic stenosis

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24
Q

mitral stenosis

path

A

Rheumatic

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25
Q

mitral insufficiency

path

A

infection

infarction

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26
Q

aortic insufficiency

path

A

infection

infarction

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27
Q

aortic stenosis

path

A

calcifications

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28
Q

HCM

path

A

sarcomere mutations

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29
Q

young athlete
SOB
Syncope with exertion

A

HCM

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30
Q

HCM tx

A

avoid dehydration

b-blocker

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31
Q

MVP

path:

A

congenital

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32
Q

MVP tx

A
  • B-blocker

- avoid dehydration

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33
Q

type of cardiomyopathy:

path: decreased contractibility, virus, ETOH, Ischemia

A

dilated CM

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34
Q

type of cardiomyopathy:

path: Genetic sarcomeres

A

HOCM

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35
Q

type of cardiomyopathy:

path: HTN

A

concentric Hypertrophy

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36
Q

type of cardiomyopathy:

path: amyloid, sarcoid, hemochromatosis, CA, fibrosis

A

Restrictive CM

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37
Q

Type of cardiomyopathy

Echo: dilated

A

Dilated cm

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38
Q

Type of cardiomyopathy

Echo: asymmetric

A

HOCM

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39
Q

Type of cardiomyopathy

Echo: concentric

A

concentric hypertrophy

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40
Q

Type of cardiomyopathy

Echo: restrictive

A

Restrictive CM

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41
Q

Pericardial Disease

pericarditis path:

A

Viral

uremia

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42
Q

Pericardial Disease

pericardial effusion path:

A

pericarditis

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43
Q

Pericardial Disease

constrictive pericarditis path:

A

Pericarditis

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44
Q

Pericarditis Pt:

A
  • chest pain
  • pleuritis
  • positional
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45
Q

Pericardial effusion Pt:

A

pericarditis

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46
Q

Pericardial Tamponade Pt:

A

JVD+Hypotension+decreased heart sounds

Becks triad

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47
Q

constrictive pericarditis Pt:

A

DIA CHF

pericardial knock

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48
Q

Pericarditis dx

A

ECG

Best MRI

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49
Q

Pericardial effusion dx

A

echo

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50
Q

Pericardial Tamponade dx

A

echo

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51
Q

constrictive pericarditis dx

A

echo

52
Q

Pericarditis ECG findings

A
  • Diffuse ST-segment elevations

- Deep press PR segment

53
Q

Pericarditis tx

A

NSAIDS + Colchicine

54
Q

Pericardial effusion tx

A

pericarditis

55
Q

Pericardial Tamponade tx

A

Pericardiocentesis

56
Q

constrictive pericarditis tx

A

Pericardiectomy

57
Q

Vasovagal path

A
  • visceral stim
  • baroreceptors
  • psychogenic
58
Q

Vasovagal tx

A

Beta-blockers

59
Q

Orthostatic path

A
  • Vol decreased

- DM, age, parkinsons

60
Q

Orthostatic tx:

A

IVF

61
Q

mechanical syncope path

A

valve

62
Q

mechanical syncope pt

A

exertional

63
Q

mechanical syncope dx

A

echo

64
Q

mechanical syncope tx

A

lesion-dependent

65
Q

Arrhythmia Syncope path

A

arrhythmia

66
Q

Arrhythmia Syncope pt

A

sudden

no prodrome

67
Q

Arrhythmia Syncope dx

A

ECG

24-Holter

68
Q

Arrhythmia Syncope tx

A

arrhythmia specific

69
Q

Neurogenic Syncope path

A

Posterior Circulation

70
Q

Neurogenic Syncope pt

A

sudden
no prodrome
(+) FND

71
Q

Neurogenic Syncope dx

A

carotid ultrasound CT angiogram

72
Q

Neurogenic Syncope tx

A

Vascular Disease

73
Q

High-Intensity Statin Therapy

A

Atorva 40,80

Rosuva 20, 40

74
Q

Moderate-Intensity Statin Therapy

A

Atorva 10,20

Rosuva 3, 10

75
Q

Statin good effect

A

Decrease LDL

Decrease TG

76
Q

Statin Bad effects

A

myositis

increase LFTs

77
Q

FIbrates good effect

A

decrease TG

increase HDL

78
Q

Fibrates bad effect

A

myositis

increase LFTs

79
Q

Ezetimibe good effect

A

decrease LDL

80
Q

Ezetimibe bad effect

A

diarrhea

81
Q

Bile acid resins good effect

A

decrease LDL

82
Q

Bile acid resins bad effect

A

diarrhea

83
Q

Niacin good effect

A

Increase HDL

decrease LDL

84
Q

Niacin bad effect

A

Flushing—>ASA

85
Q

elevated BP

A

<130/80

86
Q

stage I HTN

A

<140/90

87
Q

stage II HTN

A

> 140/90

88
Q

Urgency HTN

A

220/120

89
Q

Emergency HTN

A

End-organ damage

90
Q

HF, coronary artery disease and HTN give

A

BB, ACE-I

91
Q

stroke and HTN give

A

ACE-I, HCTZ

92
Q

Kidney disease and HTN give

A

ACE-I

93
Q

DM and HTN give

A

ACE-I

94
Q

CCB SE

A

Peripheral Edema

95
Q

CCB key points

A

Anti-ANginal

96
Q

ACE, ARBS SE

A
  • increase CR, K

- cough, angioedema

97
Q

Thiazides SE

A

decrease K

decrease UCA

98
Q

Thiazides key points

A

Kidney stones

99
Q

Beta-blockers SE

A

Decrease in HR

100
Q

Beta-blockers Key points

A
  • HFrEF

- CAD

101
Q

AA Spironolactone Eplerenone SE

A
  • Increase K

- Gynecomastia

102
Q

AA Spironolactone Eplerenone key points

A
  • primary and secondary Hyperaldo

- CHF

103
Q

Dilators

  • Hydralazine
  • ISDN

SE

A
  • Reflex Tachy

- PDE-S

104
Q

Dilators

  • Hydralazine
  • ISDN

Key points

A
  • CHD V
  • B:D, I=CHF
  • Anti-Anginals
105
Q

alpha-antagonists SE

A

-Orthostatic

106
Q

alpha-antagonists key points

A

BPH

107
Q

central clonidine SE

A

rebound HTN

108
Q

central clonidine key points

A

TD…….TID

109
Q

NDCCB Diltiazem SE

A

rate control

110
Q

NDCCB Diltiazem Key points

A

Afib

111
Q

FAST and NARROW (2)

A
  • SVT

- AFIB

112
Q

FAST and WIDE (2)

A
  • torsades

- v. tach

113
Q

SVT treatment

A
  • adenosine

- shock

114
Q

torsades tx

A
  • mg

- shock

115
Q

v.tach tx

A
  • amiodarone

- shock

116
Q

a fib stable tx

A

-rate control
CCB=BB
-verapamil, diltiazem

117
Q

a fib unstable tx

A

shock

118
Q

1st Degree block tx

A
  • atropine

- Pace

119
Q

2nd Degree block, I tx

A
  • atropine

- Pace

120
Q

2nd Degree block, II tx

A
  • atropine

- Pace

121
Q

3rd Degree block, tx

A
  • no atropine

- pace

122
Q

Idioventricular tx

A
  • no atropine

- pace

123
Q

AFIB/Afluttler with CHF tx

A
  • DIG

- AMIO

124
Q

arrhythmia, asymptomatic tx

A
  • IVF
  • O2
  • Monitor
125
Q

NO PULSE

VT/VF

A

2 min (EPI)–>CPR–>AMIO–>CPR–>EPI

126
Q

NO PULSE

PEA
ASYSTOLE

A

epi–>CPR–>epi–>CPR

Online MEDed (6 decks)

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