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Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q
  • pain on exertion
  • pain gets better w/ rest
  • negative biomarkers
  • no ST elevation
  • occlusion 70%
A

SA

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2
Q
  • pain at rest
  • pain DOESNT get better with rest
  • negative biomarkers
  • no ST elevation
  • occlusion 90%
A

UA

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3
Q
  • pain at rest
  • pain DOESNT get better with rest
  • POSITIVE BIOMARKERS
  • no ST elevation
  • occlusion 90%
A

NSTEMI

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4
Q
  • pain at rest
  • pain DOESNT get better with rest
  • POSITIVE BIOMARKERS
  • ST elevation
  • 100% occlusion
A

STEMI

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5
Q

MONA BASH

A 
Morphine
O2
Nitrates
Aspirin
-Beta-Blocker
-ACE-I
-Statin
-Heparin
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6
Q

HPI:

  • substernal
  • worse exertion
  • relived NGT
A

coronary artery disease

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7
Q

coronary artery disease

risk factors:

A
  • DM
  • Smocking
  • HTN
  • HLD
  • Obesity
  • FAM HX
  • AGE >45 M and >55 F
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8
Q

coronary artery disease

assoc sxs:

A
  • SDB
  • presyncope
  • N/V
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9
Q

coronary artery disease

physical exam:

A
  • nonpleuritic
  • nonpositional
  • non-tender
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10
Q

CHF exacerbation tx:

A 
Latix-Furosemide
Morphine
Nitrates
O2
Position
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11
Q
  • JVD
  • hepatosmegaly
  • peripheal edema
  • crackles
A

Heart Failure

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12
Q
  • DOE
  • Orthopnea
  • PND
  • abd pain
  • weight gain
A

Heart Failure

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13
Q

ER

heart failure tests

A

CXR
BNP
Troponin
ECG

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14
Q 
HF 
class 1 tx
A

BB

Ace-I

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15
Q 
HF 
class 2 tx
A

BB
Ace-I
loop diuretics

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16
Q 
HF 
class 3 tx
A

BB
Ace-I
loop diuretics
ISDN-Hydralazine and Spironolactone

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17
Q 
HF 
class 4 tx
A

Inotropes

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18
Q

2 murmurs heard at the apex

A
  • mitral stenosis

- mitral insufficiency

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19
Q

opening snap rumbling

A

mitral stenosis

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20
Q

rumbling murmur

A

aortic insufficiency

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21
Q

holocystolic murmur

A

mitral insufficiency

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22
Q

crescendo decrescendo

A

aortic stenosis

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23
Q

2 murmurs heard at the base

A
  • aortic insufficiency

- aortic stenosis

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24
Q

mitral stenosis

path

A

Rheumatic

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25
mitral insufficiency | path
infection | infarction
26
aortic insufficiency | path
infection | infarction
27
aortic stenosis | path
calcifications
28
HCM | path
sarcomere mutations
29
young athlete SOB Syncope with exertion
HCM
30
HCM tx
avoid dehydration | b-blocker
31
MVP | path:
congenital
32
MVP tx
- B-blocker | - avoid dehydration
33
type of cardiomyopathy: path: decreased contractibility, virus, ETOH, Ischemia
dilated CM
34
type of cardiomyopathy: path: Genetic sarcomeres
HOCM
35
type of cardiomyopathy: path: HTN
concentric Hypertrophy
36
type of cardiomyopathy: path: amyloid, sarcoid, hemochromatosis, CA, fibrosis
Restrictive CM
37
Type of cardiomyopathy Echo: dilated
Dilated cm
38
Type of cardiomyopathy Echo: asymmetric
HOCM
39
Type of cardiomyopathy Echo: concentric
concentric hypertrophy
40
Type of cardiomyopathy Echo: restrictive
Restrictive CM
41
Pericardial Disease | pericarditis path:
Viral | uremia
42
Pericardial Disease | pericardial effusion path:
pericarditis
43
Pericardial Disease | constrictive pericarditis path:
Pericarditis
44
Pericarditis Pt:
- chest pain - pleuritis - positional
45
Pericardial effusion Pt:
pericarditis
46
Pericardial Tamponade Pt:
JVD+Hypotension+decreased heart sounds Becks triad
47
constrictive pericarditis Pt:
DIA CHF | pericardial knock
48
Pericarditis dx
ECG | Best MRI
49
Pericardial effusion dx
echo
50
Pericardial Tamponade dx
echo
51
constrictive pericarditis dx
echo
52
Pericarditis ECG findings
- Diffuse ST-segment elevations | - Deep press PR segment
53
Pericarditis tx
NSAIDS + Colchicine
54
Pericardial effusion tx
pericarditis
55
Pericardial Tamponade tx
Pericardiocentesis
56
constrictive pericarditis tx
Pericardiectomy
57
Vasovagal path
- visceral stim - baroreceptors - psychogenic
58
Vasovagal tx
Beta-blockers
59
Orthostatic path
- Vol decreased | - DM, age, parkinsons
60
Orthostatic tx:
IVF
61
mechanical syncope path
valve
62
mechanical syncope pt
exertional
63
mechanical syncope dx
echo
64
mechanical syncope tx
lesion-dependent
65
Arrhythmia Syncope path
arrhythmia
66
Arrhythmia Syncope pt
sudden | no prodrome
67
Arrhythmia Syncope dx
ECG | 24-Holter
68
Arrhythmia Syncope tx
arrhythmia specific
69
Neurogenic Syncope path
Posterior Circulation
70
Neurogenic Syncope pt
sudden no prodrome (+) FND
71
Neurogenic Syncope dx
carotid ultrasound CT angiogram
72
Neurogenic Syncope tx
Vascular Disease
73
High-Intensity Statin Therapy
Atorva 40,80 | Rosuva 20, 40
74
Moderate-Intensity Statin Therapy
Atorva 10,20 | Rosuva 3, 10
75
Statin good effect
Decrease LDL | Decrease TG
76
Statin Bad effects
myositis | increase LFTs
77
FIbrates good effect
decrease TG | increase HDL
78
Fibrates bad effect
myositis | increase LFTs
79
Ezetimibe good effect
decrease LDL
80
Ezetimibe bad effect
diarrhea
81
Bile acid resins good effect
decrease LDL
82
Bile acid resins bad effect
diarrhea
83
Niacin good effect
Increase HDL | decrease LDL
84
Niacin bad effect
Flushing--->ASA
85
elevated BP
<130/80
86
stage I HTN
<140/90
87
stage II HTN
>140/90
88
Urgency HTN
220/120
89
Emergency HTN
End-organ damage
90
HF, coronary artery disease and HTN give
BB, ACE-I
91
stroke and HTN give
ACE-I, HCTZ
92
Kidney disease and HTN give
ACE-I
93
DM and HTN give
ACE-I
94
CCB SE
Peripheral Edema
95
CCB key points
Anti-ANginal
96
ACE, ARBS SE
- increase CR, K | - cough, angioedema
97
Thiazides SE
decrease K | decrease UCA
98
Thiazides key points
Kidney stones
99
Beta-blockers SE
Decrease in HR
100
Beta-blockers Key points
- HFrEF | - CAD
101
AA Spironolactone Eplerenone SE
- Increase K | - Gynecomastia
102
AA Spironolactone Eplerenone key points
- primary and secondary Hyperaldo | - CHF
103
Dilators - Hydralazine - ISDN SE
- Reflex Tachy | - PDE-S
104
Dilators - Hydralazine - ISDN Key points
- CHD V - B:D, I=CHF - Anti-Anginals
105
alpha-antagonists SE
-Orthostatic
106
alpha-antagonists key points
BPH
107
central clonidine SE
rebound HTN
108
central clonidine key points
TD.......TID
109
NDCCB Diltiazem SE
rate control
110
NDCCB Diltiazem Key points
Afib
111
FAST and NARROW (2)
- SVT | - AFIB
112
FAST and WIDE (2)
- torsades | - v. tach
113
SVT treatment
- adenosine | - shock
114
torsades tx
- mg | - shock
115
v.tach tx
- amiodarone | - shock
116
a fib stable tx
-rate control CCB=BB -verapamil, diltiazem
117
a fib unstable tx
shock
118
1st Degree block tx
- atropine | - Pace
119
2nd Degree block, I tx
- atropine | - Pace
120
2nd Degree block, II tx
- atropine | - Pace
121
3rd Degree block, tx
- no atropine | - pace
122
Idioventricular tx
- no atropine | - pace
123
AFIB/Afluttler with CHF tx
- DIG | - AMIO
124
arrhythmia, asymptomatic tx
- IVF - O2 - Monitor
125
NO PULSE VT/VF
2 min (EPI)-->CPR-->AMIO-->CPR-->EPI
126
NO PULSE PEA ASYSTOLE
epi-->CPR-->epi-->CPR

Online MEDed (6 decks)

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