Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ER BOARD EXAM > CARDIOLOGY > Flashcards

CARDIOLOGY Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

description of HOCM murmur

how do you Decrease this murmur?- 2

A

Harsh mid systolic crescendo-descrescendo murmur

(…Hulk HOCM, but HOCM put them down making Squats a Trend!)

  1. Squatting
  2. Trendelenburg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

description of HOCM murmur

how do you increase this murmur?- 2

A

Harsh mid systolic crescendo-descrescendo murmur

(Val Stood up to Hulk HOCM)

  1. Valsalva
  2. Standing Up
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how long can Troponin be detected after acute MI?

A

LOE 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the contraindications to using Nitrates in acute HF? - 4

A
  1. Aortic Stenosis
  2. R Vt Infarction (tx = FLUIDS)
  3. HOCM
  4. Volume Down/depletion

In these states, the pt’s heart DEPENDS on the preload from capacitance vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tx for Dressler’s Syndrome- 3

A
  1. Colchicine
  2. Steroids
  3. NSAIDs if necessary
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which coronary arteries correlate to the Lateral heart?- 2

A
  1. L circumflex
  2. LAD Diagonal aspect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which EKG leads correlate to the Lateral heart?- 4

A

I, avL, V5, V6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in STEMI mgmt, PCI > [tPA Thrombolytics]

but what is the criteria for PCI?- 3

which drug beneficially adjuncts in pts undergoing PCI?

A
  1. in PCI center: has to be LOE 90 mins from contact to device
  2. in NON-PCI: has to be LOE 120 mins from contact to device
  3. in NON-PCI: if greater than 120 min from contact to device –> MUST USE [tPA THROMBOLYTICS]

If giving PCI, also give Glycoprotein 2b/3a inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

whats the difference between Restrictive cardiomyopathy and Constrictive cardiomyopathy

A

Restrictive = Rigid and stiff myocardium from fibrosis –> Restricted Vt filling = Diastolic HF

Constrictive= Collagen-like elasticity of periCardial sac decreases from sCarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

causes of Restrictive cardiomyopathy- 5

A
  • amyloidosis
  • sarcoidosis
  • Hemochromatosis
  • Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis (most cmmn worldwide)
  • idiopathic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

EKG findings for Posterior MI- 4

A
  1. ST Depression V1-3 thats horizontal
  2. Tall R V1-3
  3. Upright T V1-3
  4. STEMI V7-9

(doesn’t have to be all V1 thru 3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what r the high risk sx that likely indicate Cardiac as the cause of chest pain?- 6

A
  1. RADIATION TO (ESPECIALLY R) ARM/SHOULDER <–BIGGEST PREDICTOR
  2. “Pressure” characterization
  3. Diaphoresis
  4. Vomiting
  5. pain similar to previous cardiac pain
  6. worst w exertion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

most common cause of acute MI

A

dysrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what’s the strongest indicator that HF is a dx for a pt?

A

S3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ABSOLUTE contraindications to [tPA thrombolytic]- 7

A
  1. ANY HEAD HEMORRHAGE OR HEMORRHAGE SURPLUS (Intracranially, Active, bleeding disorder hx)
  2. Malformation in head hx
  3. Neoplasm in head hx
  4. Aortic dissection suspected
  5. LOE 6 MO= Head truma, Brain surgery
  6. LOE 6 wks= internal bleeding, gen trauma, gen surgery
  7. LOE 3 wks= traumatic CPR hx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

EKG signs of R Vt Infarction- 3

A
  1. Inferior MI with a V1 STEMMI
  2. Early TWI avL
  3. V4R STEMMI
17
Q

Aortic Regurgitation characteristics- 4

A
  1. Diastolic blowing murmur @ 2/3 LICS
  2. [de-Musset’s Head bobbing w systole]
  3. [Quincke’s nail pulsations]
  4. [Duroziez’s femoral artery thrill/murmur]

HOCM is also at the 2/3 LICS

18
Q

pt comes in w seizure v syncope

describe how you decide if they’re concerning enough for admit?

A

Use the SAN FRANCISCO Syncope rule!

19
Q

Aortic Valve Stenosis sx- 3

A

that AS is SAD

  1. Syncope
  2. Angina
  3. DyspneaOnExertion

usally caused by age-calcification or early calcification in bicuspid

20
Q

most common complication of Mitral Valve stenosis

A

aFib

Diastolic opening snap followed by Diastolic low pitched rumbling apical murmur

21
Q

DUKE’S CRITERIA IS FOR ______ and requires __ MAJOR, Mix consistenting of ____ or ___ minor for the dx

what are the MAJOR criteria- 3

A
  1. 2 separate positive bcx with “Infective Endocarditis” organisms
  2. Positive echo (vegetations, prosthetic dehiscence)
  3. REGURGITANT murmur THATS NEW
22
Q

DUKE’S CRITERIA IS FOR ______ and requires __ MAJOR, Mix consistenting of ____ or ___ minor for the dx

what are the minor criteria- 5

A
  1. fever
  2. Immunologic ROJ sx (fROm Jane)
  3. Vascular sx (from jane)
  4. only 1 positive bcx with infective endocarditis organisms
  5. predisposiing risk factor (IVDU, heart condition)
23
Q

3 major differences between Biologic and Mechanical heart valves

A
24
Q

EKG manifestation for Acute Fibrinous Pericarditis-2

A

DIFFUSE ST elevations + sometimes PR depressions

Pericarditis gave HIM A UTI

26
Q

In Hypertensive Crisis (Urgency & Malignant Emergency), what’s the rate for lowering MAP?-2

A

Normal MAP: 65-110

[10-20% in 1st hour] –> [5-15% over next 23 hours]

Malignant HTN Emergency = [Hypertensive Urgency (BP>180/120)] PLUS Papilledema/Retinal Hemorrhages

27
Q

Causes of Pericarditis-7

image = pericardial effusion 2/2 Pericarditis

A

“Pericarditis gave HIM A UTI”

  • Infection-Viruses (Coxsackie/ echovirus/adenovirus)
  • Acute MI
  • Immune (Dressler vs SLE vs RA)
  • [HMLB CA] - (Hodgkin’s/Mesothelioma/Lung/Breast)
  • Trauma
  • Mediastinal Radiation
  • Uremia (BUN > 60) - TREAT WITH HEMODIALYSIS
28
Q

Common Causes of [Constrictive Pericarditis] - 4

Look for the pericardial knock!

A

‘Ur an Idiot to constrict my Radio & T-V”

Idiopathic

Radiation

TB

Viruses

This is a common cause of R HF

29
Q

what is

phlegmasia cerulea dolens ?

A

when MASSSSIVE iLLiofemoral thrombosis involves most of the venous collateral system –> HUGE SWOLLEN PAINFUL LEG

ER BOARD EXAM (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions