Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

STEP II > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Chest pain best test

A
  1. EKG

2. Cardiac Enz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anterior STEMI (Leads and Location)

A

LAD

STE: V1 through V4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lateral STEMI (Leads and Location)

A

Circumflex

STE: I, aVL, V4 through V6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inferior STEMI (Leads and Location)

A

RCA

STE: II, III, aVF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ST Depression Implication

A

Subendocardial injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

STEMI Criteria

A

2mm elevation OR New LBBB (see V1 & V2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cardiac enz (Rise-Peak- Return to Normal)

A

Myoglobin: 2hr & 24 hrs -> reinfarction marker
CKMB: 6hr-24 hrs-72hr
Tropnin: 4hr-24 to 48hr-7 to 10dy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acute STEMI Treatement

Which Inc. survival?

A
  1. B-blocker** (dec. HR and Contractility = Dec O2 demand; Dec. remodeling) -> carvedilol
  2. Asprin** (dec. reocclusion)
  3. ACE inhibtor** (dec. remodeling)
  4. O2
  5. Statin (Atorvastatin 80)
  6. Nitrate (sx relief)
  7. Heparin (prevent thrombus progression)
  8. Coronary angiography w/in 48 hrs!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Post-revascularization Pts MUST be on?

Time frames?

A

Duel anti-platelets! -> Aspirin and Clopidogrel
3mo for barre metal
12mo for drug-eluding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CABG indications

A
  1. > 70% occlusion
  2. 3 vessel Disease (2 vessel if DM)
  3. L main involved
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contraindications to stress test?

A
  1. Old LBBB
  2. Baseline St elevations
  3. Using Digoxin
    * * Do Exercise Echo**
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Drugs for Pharm Stress?

A

Dobutamine

Adenosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1 cause of Post-MI Death?

A

Arrhythmia -> V. fib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Post-MI new Murmur?

A

Papillary muscle Rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q 
MI complications at: 
hrs 
days 
weeks
 months
A

Hrs: Arrhythmia
Dys: Pericarditis
Wks: Ruptures (Free wall or sepal or papillary muscles) & Dressler
Mth: Aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Post-MI severe hypotension

A

Ventricular wall rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Post-MI persistent ST elevation and MR(-like)murmur?

A

Ventricular Wall aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Post-MI, pleuritic chest pain + low fever

Tx?

A

Dressler Syndrome

Tx; NSAIDs and ASA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chest pain BETTER leaning forward…

Tx?

A

Pericarditis

Tx NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Chest pain worse with palpation of chest wall

A

Costochondriasia (usually viral)

21
Q

Chest pain AFTER viral infection (URI)

A

Myocarditis (Coxsackie B)

22
Q

Chest pain worse at night + transient ST elevation?

Dx & Tx?

A

Prinzmetal Angina
Dx: ergonovine test (reproduce pain)
Tx: Diltazem or verpamil OR Nitrates
NO B-blockers!!

23
Q

Progressive PR prolongation and dropped beat

A

Second degree, Type 1 heart block

24
Q

AV dissociation w/ bounding jugular pulse

A

3rd Degree heart block

25
Q

Varying PR interval + 3+ different P-wave morphologies

A

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia

26
Q

3+ Wide QRS with no Ps

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

27
Q

V tach Treatments:

A

Stable: Amilodipine (Procainamide, Lidocaine, Sotolol)
Unstable: Syncronized Cardioversion

28
Q

Short PR + Wide QRS + “slurred initial deflection)

Path? and Tx?

A

WPW (delta waves)
Bundle of Kent
Tx: Procainamide
NO b blocker or Dioxin or CCB (slows AV conduction = makes worse)

29
Q 
Saw tooth (A rate 250-350 and V rate 125-150)
(Tx? )
A

A flutter:
Stable: B blocker or Digoxin
Unstable: cardioversion

30
Q

Torsade De Pointes Tx?

A

Mg sulfate

31
Q

Causes of TdP?

A
  1. Low Mg
  2. Low K
  3. Lithium toxicity
  4. TCA Overdose
32
Q

Peaked T

A

HyperK

33
Q

Pulsus paradoxus + hypotension + faint heart sounds + electrical alternanas

A

Cardiac tamponade

34
Q

Irregular R-R and no P waves

A

A fibrillation
rate control > Rhythm control (AFIRM study)
Tx: B blocker or Digoxin

35
Q

Systolic
LOUDER with squatting
SOFTER with valsalva
(Cause & Tx?)

A

Aortic (Calcification or Bicuspid)

Tx: replacement

36
Q

Systolic
LOUDER with valsalva
SOFTER with squatting

A

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

37
Q

Effect of Valsalva

A

Dec. Intrathoracic pressure -> Dec. venous return -> Dec. Preload -> Dec. CO

38
Q

Effect of squatting (initially) and handgrip

A

Inc. vascular resistance -> Inc. Afterload

39
Q

Click and Systolic murmur

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse

40
Q

holosystolic murmur + radiation to axilla

A

MR

41
Q

Diastolic murmur w/ opening snap

A

Mitral stenosis

42
Q

“blowing” diastolic murmur w/ wide pulse pressure

A

Aortic regurgitation

43
Q

Suspect PE…first step?

A

Heparin!! Then CT (Ct > VQ)

44
Q

Wells Criteria for PE

A 
Score >4 = CT &  100 = 1.5
Immobalized = 1.5
Hx or DVT/PE = 1.5
Hemoptysis = 1 
Hx of malignancy = 1
45
Q

New murmur

A

Echo!

46
Q

Acute pulmonary edema tx?

A
  1. Nitrates
  2. Lasix
  3. Morhine
47
Q

Young + SOB +No cardiomegaly or pneumonia

A

pHTN

r/o CHF with PCWP

48
Q

Pumonary Capillary wedge Pressure measure

A

L atrial pressure

49
Q

CHF Tx

improve morality?

A
  1. ACE** (prevent remodeling by aldo)
  2. B-blocker** (prevent remobeling by Epi / norepi)
  3. Spironolactone** (ONLY in NYHA Class 3 and 4 ) -> Eplerinone wont cause gynocomastia
  4. Furosemide (improve SOB, edema)
  5. Digoxin (dec. re-hospitalization)

STEP II (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions