Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiology Drugs > Cardiology 2 > Flashcards

Cardiology 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Thiazide

A

Diuretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Diuretics

A

Inhibit sodium and water retention, this reduces plasma volume which decreases preload and decreases wall stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Loop

A

Diruretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Glyceryl trinitrate

A 
Vasodilator
\+++ veins
\+ arteries
Big decrease in preload
Small decreases in aftelaod
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sodium nitroprusside

A

Vasodilator

Breaks up into nitric oxide automatically- large effect on veins and arteries. Large decreases in pre and after loads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ace inhibitor

A

Vasodilator
Blocks formation of angiotensin 2

Medium effect on veins and arteries, medium effect on pre and afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

ARB angiotensin receptor blocker

A

Vasodilator

Med effect on veins and arteries
Med effect on pre and afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

A

Vasodilator

Med effect on veins and arteries
Med effect on pre and afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hydralazine

A

Vasodilator

Also inhibits superoxide formation, very effective when given with isosorbide dimitrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Digoxen

A

Inhibits sodium potassium pump

Muscle tension is proportional to intracellular sodium levels

75% absorption normally
10% in patients with digoxin inactivating bacteria
Co treatment with antibiotics and lead to toxcity
2/3 elimination unchanged in kidney

Renal failure can lead to toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Glycoside in order of longest to shortest acting

A

Digitoxin, digoxin, ouabain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Digitoxin ionic interactions

A

Potassium inhibits digoxin binding to ATP ase

Calcium potentiates digoxin effects

Magnesium attenuates digoxin effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metroplol

A

Cardio selective beta blocker

Beta 1 antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carvedilol

A

Beta blocker for both beta 1 and 2 receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cardiomegely

A

Enlarged heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Low potassium

16
Q

Vitelline vein

A

Drains deoxygenated blood from the yolk sac

Enters the venous end of sinus venosus

Fate: left Vitelline regresses
Right forms hepatic portal system

17
Q

Common cardinal veins

A

Anterior and posterior cardinal veins fuse to form the common cardinal vein.

These veins drain the blood of the body wall

18
Q

Umbilical veins

A

Carry oxygenated blood from placenta to baby

Turns in ligementum teres hepatis

19
Q

Order of sections of primitive heart

A 
Sinus venosus
Atrium
Ventricle
Bulbous cordis
Truncus arteriousus
20
Q

Bulboventricular loop

A

Loop formed when ventricle and bulbus chordis grow faster than other parts of the heart

21
Q

Path of blood through primitive heart

A 
Sinus venosus
Atria
Ventricle
Bulbus cordis
Truncus arteriousus 
Aortic sac
Pharyngeal branches
Dorsal aorta
22
Q

Endocardial cushions

A

Fuse to form two atrioventricular canals

They develop from specialized extra cellular matrix or cardiac jelly

23
Q

Catheterization

A

Gold standard for obstructive coronary disease or hemodynamic assessment

Con: invasive, may require anti coagulants, requires contrast- bad for those with renal failure, radiation exposure

24
Q

Nuclear cardiology

A

Pro: powerful prognostic and risk stratification, ability to assess different aspect of myocardium- ischemia, viability, hibernation

Cons: high radiation exposure, high cost, imperfect accuracy can lead to false positives

25
Q

Chest x ray

A

Pros
Fast, cheap, portable
Diagnostic for pneumothorax

Cons: radiation exposure, limited resolution of 3d, cannot differentiate various fluids,

26
Q

Echo

A

Pro
Portable, fast
Gold standard for endocarditis
Can combine imagine with stress to look for ischemia, hibernating or scar

Con: imaging can be difficult in critically Ill patients
Misdiagnosis

27
Q

Cardiac CT

A

Can visualize calcified plaque, including extra luminal plaque
Can detect mild to moderate disease non invasivly, can detect non cardiac reasons for symptoms

Con:
Radiation exposure.
Contrast is bad for those with renal failure
Not ideal for patients with fast or irregular heartbeats
Difficult to overcome artifacts such as stents or calcium
Difficult to tell if a lesion is hemodynamic significant

28
Q

Cardiac MR

A

Pro
Best assessment of ventricular volumes and function
Best in Vivo imaging to characterize aspects of myocardium- scar, infiltrative disease)
Gold standard for viability of myocardium for revascularization

Con: Long imaging time in a small tube,
cannot image patients with metallic implants
can be bad for patients with kidney disease

Cardiology Drugs (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions