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MRCP Part 2 > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Oncology patient with Cardiac Failure and Plural Effusion

A

Cardiomyopathy secondary to Chemotherapy

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2
Q

Alternative in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia where statins are inappropriate

A

Ezetimibe

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3
Q

Palmar Xanthomas are Pathognomic of

A

Dysbetalipoproteinemia (Type 3)

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4
Q

Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity Management

A

Dual Chamber Pacemakers

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5
Q

WPW Associated with congenital syndrome

A

Ebstein’s Anomaly

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6
Q

Post MI + SOB + Pan Systolic Murmur + Dialated RV + TR

A

Post MI Ventricular Septal Rupture

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7
Q

Common ECG findings in HOCM

A

Bundle Branch Block
Axis Deviation
PR Prolongation

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8
Q

Chronic Aortic Regurgitation Surgery Consideration

A
  1. Asymptomatic Patient
    1. Ejection Fraction <50%
    2. LV Dialation >50 mm
  2. Symptomatic Patient - Regardless of findings
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9
Q

Marfans Syndrome clinical features

A

Myopia
Pectus excavatum
Thoracolumbar striae in combination with a family history of sudden cardiac death

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10
Q

Management of STEMI in pregnant women

A

Angioplasty

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11
Q

Poor prognosis in Congestive Cardiac Failure

A

Hyponatremia

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12
Q

Management of Hyponatremia in patients with Heart Failure

A

1st Line - Fluid Restriction

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13
Q

Atrial Myxoma Clinical Features

A

Finger Clubbing
Normocytic Anemia
Intracardiac Calcification

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14
Q

Diagnosis of Pulmonary Hypertension

A

catheterisation to measure the pulmonary pressure.

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15
Q

Best graft for CABG

A

Internal Mammary Artery > Saphenous Vein

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16
Q

Thiazide Diuretic DOC for Hypertension according to NICE

A

Indapamide

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17
Q

Management of VT secondary to Digoxin toxicity

A

IV Lignocaine

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18
Q

First Line treatment for acute pericarditis

A

Colchicine and Aspirin

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19
Q

Most common cause of acute pericarditis

A

coxsackie B virus

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20
Q

Dental Extraction Infective Endocarditis

A

S. viridans

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21
Q

Infective Endocarditis associated renal symptom

A

Microscopic Hematuria (due to vasculitis)

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22
Q

Empirical treatment for infective endocarditis

A

Intravenous amoxicillin with gentamicin

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23
Q

Eye Finding Diagnostic of infective endocarditis

A

Roth spots - white-centered retinal hemorrhages.

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24
Q

Driving Rules post PCI

A

Stop Driving -> Infrom DVLA -> Return for Exercise Tolerance without stopping medication

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25
Q

ECG findings in Pulmonary Embolism

A

Most common - sinus tachycardia
Other changes - right bundle branch block

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26
Q

Brugada Syndrome ECG findings

A

ST elevation in V1-V3 with RBBB (coved ST elevation)

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27
Q

Orthostatic Hypotension Investigation

A

Tilt Table Test

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28
Q

NSTEMI or Unstable Angina Anticoagulation of Choice

A

Fondaparinux
If CKD - Unfractionated Heparin

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29
Q

Dressler’s Syndrome Management

A

Aspirin 650mg QDS

30
Q

Heart Failure with multiple medication and failed or ineffective beta blocker DOC

A

Ivabradine

31
Q

Specific ECG finding in Pericarditis

A

PR segment depression in Lead 2 and PR segment elevation in aVR

32
Q

First Line treatment of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Long QT syndrome

A

Beta-Blocker (Atenolol)

33
Q

Infective Endocarditis patient with IV antibiotics taken for 6 weeks and Inflammatory markers getting to normal but with vegetation in valve MANAGEMENT

A

Can be discharged and followed in OPD

34
Q

First Line treatment of Torsades de Pointes

A

Magnesium (MgSO4) and Potassium

35
Q

Long distance runner + relative bradycardia + Normal ECG and Xray

A

Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

36
Q

Management of Left Ventricular dysfunction without Heart Failure

A

ACE/ARB (Ramipril)

37
Q

NICE guidelines for Non-Valvular AF

A

NOAC - Apixaban, Rivaroxaban

38
Q

Familial Hypertriglyceridemia management

A

Fenofibrates (NOT STATINS)

39
Q

Medical Management of HOCM

A

Beta-Blockers

40
Q

Pulmonary stenosis

A
  • Right axis deviation
  • Dominant R wave in V1
  • Prominent S waves in V5 and V6
41
Q

Heart Failure with Low ejection fraction with edema on furosemide management

A

Spironolactone or Eplerenone

42
Q

Early Repolarization Variant ECG findings

A

ST elevation but no clinical features of MI (seen in black males)

43
Q

Anti Arrhythmic Contraindicated in Coronary Artery Disease

A

Flecainide

44
Q

Migraine patient on sumatriptan complaints of chest pain

A

Stop Sumatriptan
- It is associated with Vasospasm leading to chest pain

45
Q

Palmar Xanthoma is Pathognomic of

A

Type 3 Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia

46
Q

Eruptive Xanthoma of Knee is Seen in

A

Type 1 Familial Hyperchylomicronemia

47
Q

Tendon xanthoma and Xanthelasma is seen in

A

Type 2a Familial Hypercholesterolemia

48
Q

Poor Prognosis for Cardiac Failure

A

Hyponatremia - Signifies significant fluid overload

49
Q

Management of palpitation caused by Premature ventricular ectopics

A

Bisoprolol - Beta Blocker

50
Q

Noonan Syndrome Valvular defect

A

Pulmonary Stenosis

51
Q

Low Systemic Vascular resistance and Normal Cardiac Output Diagnosis

A

Septic Shock

52
Q

Cardiac Contra-Indication for Pregnancy

A

Pulmonary Artery Hypertension
Severe AS
Mitral Stenosis

53
Q

Female with congenital bicuspid aortic valve who wants to get pregnant management

A

Bio-prostethic (porcine) valve replacement

54
Q

Dextrocardia ECG Changes

A

Inverted P waves in lead 1 and Shift of P-axis and reversed R-wave progression

55
Q

Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Best way to manage patient after achieving ROSC

A

Therapeutic Hypothermia (32-36 degree)

56
Q

Murmur loudest over thoracic spine and notching over posterior ribs on xray diagnosis

A

Coarctation of Aorta

57
Q

Pulmonary Artery Hypertension with Acute Vasodilator test +ve

A

Amlodipine

58
Q

AF with low BP and Signs of LV Failure

A

Digoxin (Not Beta blocker) because it is inotrope

59
Q

Indication for anticoagulation in Heart Failure

A
  • Previous Thromboembolic event
  • Intracardiac Thrombus
  • LV aneurysm
60
Q

DVLA Rules for Unstable Angina Post Angioplasty

A

No heavy goods vehicle until assessed by DVLA and Car after one week if pain free

61
Q

DVLA Rules for Unstable Angina not underwent angioplasty

A

No heavy goods vehicle until assessed by DVLA and Car after one month if pain free

62
Q

Anticoagulation protocol for patient posted for cardioversion after 1month

A

LMW Heparin + Warfarin and review need for further anticoagulation after 1month

63
Q

Diagnostic Investigation for Coarctation of Aorta

A

Echocardiography

64
Q

Severe LV dysfunction patient with small aortic valve area management

A

Repeat Echo with Dobutamine (severe LV dysfunction can cause false valve opening)

65
Q

NSTEMI with Sublingual GTN but BP still elevated management

66
Q

Stable Angina with symptoms after trying GTN spray and Beta blocker and CCB

A

Ivabradine

67
Q

Constrictive Pericarditis Investigation to Identify cause

A

Surgical Pericardial Biopsy

68
Q

Hypothermia Patient with Ventricular Arrhythmia management

A

Prolonged CPR is necessary before defibrillation

69
Q

Cause of Subvalvular AS

A

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)

70
Q

Cause of Supravalvular AS

A

William’s syndrome

71
Q

Antiphospholipid syndrome clinical Features

A

Branched Retinal Vein Occlusion + Prolonged APTT

MRCP Part 2 (9 decks)

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