Cardiology

Question 1

Medication contraindicated in WPW

Answer 1

Digoxin
(If block AV node, encourage accessory pathway)

Question 2

What medication do not give in atrial flutter

Answer 2

Fleicanide
(May get 1:1 flutter)

Question 3

Mild aortic stenosis

Answer 3

<40mmHg

Question 4

Moderate aortic stenosis

Answer 4

40-70mmHg

Question 5

Severe aortic stenosis

Answer 5

> 70mmHg

Question 6

Severe pulmonary stenosis

Answer 6

> 70mmHg

Question 7

Qp:Qs

Answer 7

AMVAP

Ao - MV
—————
PV - PA

Question 8

ASD cardiac cath

Answer 8

Sats: increased RA, RV, PA
Pressure: increased RA, RV, PA

Question 9

Large VSD cardiac cath

Answer 9

Sats: increased RV, PA
Pressure: increased RA, RV, PA, LA

Question 10

PDA prem vs term

Answer 10

Closure rare in term infants and indomethacin not effective

Question 11

Which VSDs may spontaneously close

Answer 11

Perimembranous
Muscular

Question 12

ASDs that rarely close spontaneously

Answer 12

> 8mm

Question 13

A2 and P2 widely split

Answer 13

Pulmonary stenosis

Question 14

Peripheral pulmonary stenosis murmur

Answer 14

Midsystolic pulmonary valve area
Transmitted to axilla and back

Question 15

MAP in coarctation of aorta

Answer 15

15-20mmHg greater in UL than LL

Question 16

Pressure gradient severe mitral stenosis

Answer 16

31mmHg

Question 17

Coarctation of aorta murmur best heard

Answer 17

Posteriorly (think left interscapular)

S2 single and loud
S3 gallop usually present

Question 18

Mitral regurg murmur

Answer 18

Regurg systolic murmur apex

Question 19

Mitral regurg heart sounds

Answer 19

S2 may split widely
S3 commonly present and loud

Question 20

Mitral valve prolapse murmur

Answer 20

Mid systolic click with or without late systolic murmur

Question 21

Timing of arterial switch for TGA

Answer 21

1-2 weeks of life

Question 22

Duct dependent lesions

Answer 22

R heart obstruction: Critical PS, PA with IVS, Ebstein
Left heart obstruction: Critical AS, Critical CoA, interrupted aortic arch, HLHS
Mixing: TGA

Question 23

CHD with early cyanosis

Answer 23

Tricuspid atresia
Ebstein
TGA

Question 24

Causes of differential cyanosis

Answer 24

CHD: Critical AS, Critical CoA, interrupted aortic arch
PPHN

Question 25

WPW frequent association and predisposes pts to SVT

Answer 25

Ebstein anomaly

Question 26

Which lead are Q waves pathological in?

Answer 26

V1