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Allied Health > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

aorta

A

Largest artery. It receives oxygenated blood from the left ventricle

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2
Q

aortic valve

A

Heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

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3
Q

arteriole

A

smallest branches of an artery

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4
Q

Artery

A

Blood vessels that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body

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5
Q

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

A

Small area of tissue between the right atrium near the septum

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6
Q

Atrium

A

Each of the two upper chambers of the heart

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7
Q

Bundle of His

A

Part of the conduction system of the heart after the AV node

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8
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Pertaining to the heart and the thoracic cavity

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9
Q

Diastole

A

Resting period between contractions

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10
Q

Mitral Valve

A

Heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. Also known as the bicuspid valve.

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11
Q

Bicuspid Valve

A

An aortic valve that contains only two cusps (or flaps) instead of three

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12
Q

Normal sinus rhythm

A

The cardiac rhythm that is presented by normal, healthy heart

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13
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Artery that carries blood away from the heart to the lungs

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13
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

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14
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Heart valve that between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

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15
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

specialized cardiac muscle cells that conduct electrical impulses that allow coordinated contraction of cardiac muscle.

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16
Q

Septum

A

A wall of tissue that separates the left and right sides of the heart

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17
Q

Sinoatrial node

A

Pacemaker of the heart

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18
Q

Systole

A

Contraction of the atria or the ventricle

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19
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle (has three cusps)

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20
Q

vasoconstriction

A

Constriction of smooth muscle in the wall of blood vessel that causes the lumen to increase in side

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21
Q

Vasodilation

A

Relaxation of smooth muscle in the wall of blood vessel that causes the lumen to increase in side

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22
Q

vein

A

Blood vessel that carries blood from the body to the heart

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23
Q

ven/o

A

Vein

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24
Q

Vena Cava

A

The two major veins

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25
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

Carries deoxygenated blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest back to the right atrium of the heart

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26
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

Carries deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and legs back to the right atrium

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27
Q

Venule

A

Smallest branch of a vein

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28
Q

Valve

A

Structure that opens and closes to control the flow of blood

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29
Q

Ventricle

A

Each of the two large, lower chambers of the heart

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30
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pain or discomfort due to coronary heart disease

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31
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

When the heart is abnormally thick or overly stretched

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32
Q

Megaly

A

Abnormal enlargement

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33
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

Any disorder that Affects the heart muscle

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34
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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35
Q

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

A

Inability of the heart to pump sufficient amount of blood

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36
Q

Edema

A

Swelling cause by a collection of in the spaces that surround the body’s tissues and organs

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37
Q

Myocardial Infarction (MI)

A

Death of myocardial cells due to severe ischemia

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38
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of body tissue

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39
Q

Endocarditis

A

inflammation and bacterial infection of the endocardium lining a heart valve

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40
Q

Murmur

A

Abnormal heart sound created by turbulence as blood leaks through a defective heart valve

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41
Q

Pericarditis

A

Infection or inflammation of the pericardial sac with an excessive accumulation of pericardial fluid

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42
Q

Rheumatic Heart Disease

A

Autoimmune response to a noncardiac streptococcal infection, such as as strep thought

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43
Q

Stenosis

A

(Narrowing), can cause pressure on your spinal cord or the nerves that go from your spinal cord to your muscles.

44
Q

Sten/o

A

Narrow, Contracted

45
Q

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)

A

Structural abnormality in which the leaflets of the mitral valve do not close tightly

46
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Any type of irregularity in the rate or rhythm of the heart

47
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

Any type of irregularity in the rate or rhythm of the heart

48
Q

Bradycardia

A

The heart beats slowly

49
Q

Cardiac Arrest

A

Complete absence of a heartbeat

50
Q

Asystole

A

Complete absence of a heartbeat

51
Q

Flutter

A

There is a very fast heart beat but regular rhythm (250 beats per min) of the atria of ventricle

52
Q

Fibrillation

A

There is a very fast, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium

53
Q

Palpitation

A

An uncomfortable sensation felt in the chest during a premature contraction of the heart

54
Q

Tachycardia

A

Fast but regular rhythm (up to 200 beats/min)

55
Q

Paroxysmal Tachycardia

A

An episode of tachycardia that occurs suddenly then goes away

56
Q

Aneurysm

A

Area of dilation and weakness in the wall of an artery

57
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Passive degenerative changes that produce a narrowed, hardened artery

58
Q

Arterio/o

A

Artery

59
Q

Scler/o

A

Hard; sclera of the eye

60
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

The build up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery wall

61
Q

Bruit

A

A harsh, rushing sound made by blood passing through an artery narrowed and roughened by atherosclerosis

62
Q

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

Arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries

63
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

Elevated levels of lipids in the blood

64
Q

Lipid/o

A

Fat

65
Q

Hypertension (HTN)

A

Elevated blood pressure

66
Q

Hypotension

A

Blood pressure lower than 90/60 mm Hg

67
Q

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)

A

Atherosclerosis of the arteries in the legs

68
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein

69
Q

Phleb/0

A

Vein

70
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

Phlebitis with the formation of a thrombus (blood clot)

71
Q

Varicose Veins

A

Damaged or incompetent in a vein that allows blood to flow backwards and collect in the preceding section of the vein

72
Q

Cardiac enzymes

A

Test to measure the level of enzymes that are released into the blood when myocardial cells die during myocardial infraction

73
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

Procedure performed to study the anatomy and pressures in the heart

74
Q

Electrocardiography (ECG, EKG)

A

Procedures that records the electrical activity of the heart

75
Q

Holter monitor

A

Procedure during which the patient’s heart rate and rhythm are continuously monitored as an outpatient for 24 hours

76
Q

Telemetry

A

Procedure to monitor a patient’s heart rate and rhythm in the hospital

77
Q

Tele/o

A

Distance

78
Q

Angiography

A

Procedure in which radiopaque contrast dye is injected into a blood vessel to fill and outline it

79
Q

Echocardiography

A

A scan used to look at the heart and nearby blood vessels.

80
Q

Ech/o

A

Sound

81
Q

Doppler

A

A noninvasive test that can be used to estimate the blood flow through your blood vessels by bouncing high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) off circulating red blood cells.

82
Q

Cardioversion

A

A procedure used to return an abnormal heartbeat to a normal rhythm.

83
Q

Defibrillator

A

An electronic device that applies an electric shock to restore the rhythm of a fibrillating heart.

84
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

An instrument for measuring blood pressure and especially arterial blood pressure.

85
Q

Sphygm/o

A

Pulse

86
Q

Aneurysmectomy

A

Surgical removal of the ballooned portion of the affected area.

87
Q

Cardiopulmonary bypass

A

Procedure used during open heart surgery in which the patients blood is rerouted through a cannula in the femoral vein to a heart-lung machine

88
Q

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

A

Procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the myocardium

89
Q

Pacemaker insertion

A

Procedure in which an automated device is implanted to control the heart rate and rhythm

90
Q

Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA)

A

Procedure to reconstruct a coronary artery that is narrow because of atherosclerosis

91
Q

Trans

A

Across; Through

92
Q

Angio/o

A

blood vessel

92
Q

Plasty

A

A surgical procedure for the repair of a part of the body

93
Q

Valvuloplasty

A

Minimally invasive structural heart disease treatment to open a narrowed heart valve.

94
Q

Valve Replacement

A

Procedure to replace or repair valves that regulate blood flow through the heart

95
Q

Prosthetic

A

A device designed to replace a missing body part

96
Q

Xenograft

A

A graft of tissue taken from a donor of one species and grafted into a recipient of another species.

97
Q

Xen/o

A

Foreign; Other

98
Q

AAA

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

99
Q

AV

A

Atrioventricular (AV) node

100
Q

BP

A

Blood Pressure

101
Q

CF

A

Cystic Fibrosis

102
Q

CCU

A

Critical Care Unit

103
Q

mm Hg

A

Millimeters of Mercury

104
Q

MVP

A

Mitral valve prolapse

105
Q

NSR

A

Normal Sinus Rhythm

106
Q

PVC

A

Premature ventricular contractions

107
Q

SA

A

Sinoatrial

Allied Health (2 decks)

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