Cardiology Flashcards
1
Q
-ar
A
Pertaining to
2
Q
Cardio/o
A
It’s the combining form that means heart
3
Q
Vascul/o
A
Is the combining form that means blood vessel
4
Q
Cardiac
A
Pertaining to the heart
5
Q
Cardiovascular
A
Is pertaining to the heart And Blood vessels
6
Q
Myocardium
A
It’s the mascular layer of the heart
7
Q
My/o
A
Muscle
8
Q
-um
A
Period of time; Structure
9
Q
endo-
A
Innermost; within
10
Q
Endocardium
A
Innermost layer that lines the atria, ventricles, and heart valves.
11
Q
Peri-
A
Around
12
Q
Pericardium
A
The outer most layer of the heart
13
Q
Thoracic
A
Pertaining to the chest
14
Q
Thorac/o
A
Chest; thorax
15
Q
-ic
A
Pertaining to
16
Q
Cardiothoracic
A
The word cardiothoracic reflects the close relationship between the heart and the thoracic cavity
17
Q
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
A
Blockage of blood flow from the heart. An ACS is associated with a tight squeezing pain in the chest that comes from the lack of
Blood flow
18
Q
Ischemia
A
Blockage of blood flow
19
Q
Isch/o
A
Block; keep back
20
Q
-emia
A
Condition of the blood; substance in the blood
21
Q
Angina
A
Chest pain that is crushing, squeezing. Pain can extend up into the jaw, Teeth, neck or down to left arm. often with extreme sweating.
22
Q
Angina pectoris
A
Mile to severe chest pain
23
Q
Pector/o
A
Chest
24
Q
Cardiomegaly
A
Enlargement of the heart.
25
-megaly
Enlargement
26
Cardiomyopathy
Disease of the heart muscle
27
-pathy
Disease
28
Ideopathic
Pertaining to a disease where the cause is unknown
29
-ic
Pertaining too
30
Path/o
Disease
31
Idi/o
Individual; unknown
32
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Condition where the heart does not pump significant amount of blood.
33
Hypertrophy
Over developed or enlarged
34
-trophy
Process of development
35
-hyper
Above; more than normal
36
Peripheral edema
Swelling in the hands and feet or distal parts of the extremities
37
-al
Pertaining to
38
Peripher/o
Outer aspects
39
Edema
Swelling
40
Myocardial infarction (MI)
Blockage of blood flow to the heart that leads to the death of heart muscle tissue. can have a small amount of tissue death or a large amount. also known as a heart attack.
41
Necrosis
Condition of Dead tissue
42
Necr/o
Dead body; Dead cells; dead tissue
43
-osis
Condition; Process
44
Endocarditis
Inflammation and bacteria infection of the endocardium lining a heart valve.
45
Endo-
Inner most; Within
46
-itis
infection of; Inflammation of
47
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Structural abnormalities in which the leaflets of the mitral valve do not close tightly. This can be a congenital condition or can occur if the valve is damaged by infection.
48
Tetralogy of fallot
There are 4 defects: a ventricular septal defect, narrowing of the pulmonary trunk, hypertrophy of the right ventricular, and abnormal position of the aorta
49
Tetr/a
Four
50
-logy
Study of
51
Murmur
Abnormal heart sound created by turbulence as blood leaks through a defective heart valve
52
Pericarditis
Inflammation or infection of the pericardial sac with an excessive accumulation of pericardial fluid
53
Rheumatic heart disease
Autoimmune response to noncardiac streptococcal infection, such as strep throat. The body make antibiotics to fight the bacteria but the antibodies attack connective tissue in the body, Particularly introduced in or the heart. The joint becomes swollen with fluid and inflamed
54
Rheumat/o
Watery discharge
55
Stenosis
The valves become scarred and narrowed it, a condition know as stenosis
56
Sten/o
Constriction; narrowness
57
-osis
Condition; process
58
Arrhythmia
Any type of irregularity and rate or rather not the heart
59
rrhythm/o
Rhythm
60
-ia
Condition; state; thing
61
a-
Away from; without
62
Dysrrhythmias
Any type of irregular in the rate or rhythm of the heart
63
bradycardia
Slow heartbeat
64
brady-
Slow
65
Fibrillation
A type of arrhythmia in which there is a very fast uncorrelated quivering of the myocardium
66
Fibrill/o
Is muscle fiber; nerve fiber
67
-tion
being; having; process
68
Tachycardia
Fast heartbeat
69
-ia
Condition; state; thing
70
tachy-
Fast
71
Asystole
Complete absence of a heartbeat.
72
-systole
Contraction
73
a-
Away from; without
74
Palpitation
An uncomfortable sensation felt in the chest during a premature contraction of the heart.
75
Palpit/o
Throb: to pulsate
76
Aneurysm
Area of dilation and weakness in the wall of an artery.
77
Arteriosclerosis
Narrowed; hardened artery.
78
arteri/o
Artery
79
scler/o
Hard; sclera: white part of the eye
80
atheroma
Patches of atheroma are like small fatty lumps that develop within the inside lining of blood vessels
81
ather/o
Soft; fatty substance
82
-oma
Mass; tumor
83
atherosclerosis
As plaque grows on an artery wall, it makes the lumen narrower and narrower
84
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Arteriosclerosis of the coronary arteries. They are filled it with atheromatous plaque, and their narrowed lumens cannot carry enough oxygenated blood to the myocardium.
85
Hyperlipidemia
Elevated levels of lipia (fats) in the blood.
86
Lipid/o
Fat; fat in the blood
87
-emia
Condition of
88
Hypercholesterolemia
An elevated level of cholesterol in the blood
89
triglycerid/o
Triglycerides: is an Ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acid
90
Hypertriglyceridemia
An elevated level of triglycerides in the blood
91
Hypertension
Elevated Blood Pressure.
92
tens/o
Pressure; tension
93
Hypotension
Low Blood Pressure (lower than 90/60 mm Hg)
94
Orthostotic
Hypotension, also known as postural Hypotension, occur when a person's Blood Pressure falls. When suddenly standing up from lying or sitting position.
95
orth/o
Straight
96
stat/o
Standing still; Staying and one place
97
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
Any disease of the arteries of the extremities
98
peripher/o
Outer aspects
99
Phlebitis
Inflammation of a vein
100
phleb/o
Vein
101
Thrombophlebitis
With the formation of a thrombus (blood clot)
102
thromb/o
Blood clot
103
Cardiac enzymes
Test to measure the level of enzyme that are released into the blood when myocardial cells die during a myocardial infarction
104
Lipid profile
Test the provides a comprehensive picture of the blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.
105
Cardiac catheterization
Procedure performed to study anatomy and pressures in the heart.
106
Electrocardiography
Procedure that records the electrical activity of the heart.
107
Electr/o
Electricity
108
-graphy
Process of recording.
109
temetry
Procedure to monitor a patient's heart rate and rhythm in the hospital.
110
tele/o
Distance
111
-metry
Process of
112
Angiography
Procedure in which radiopaque contrast dye is injected into blood vessel to fill and outline it.
113
angi/o
Blood vessel; lymphatic vessel
114
Artiography
When die is injected into an artery to show blockage, narrowed areas, or aneurysm
115
Angiogram
General turn for X-ray image of blood vessels.
116
-gram
Picture; record
117
Vinogram
X-ray of veins.
118
Echocardiography
Procedure that uses a transducer to produce ultra high frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that are bounced Off the heart to create an image.
119
ech/o
Echo of A sound wave
120
Ultrasonography
Image the flow of blood in the Artery or vain.
121
Son/o
Sound
122
Auscultation
Procedure that use a stethoscope to listen to the heart sounds
123
auscult/o
Listening
124
-ation
being; having; process.
125
Stethoscope
An instrument for transmitting sounds made within the patient's body to the examiner ears
126
steth/o
Chest
127
-scope
Instrument used to exam.
128
Cardioversion
Procedure to treat an arrhythmia That cannot be controlled with antiarrhythmic drugs. 2 large hand-held paddle are placed on either side of the patient's chest. The machine Generate an electrical shock coordinated with the QRS complex of the patient's heart to restore the heart to a normal rhythm.
129
-ion
Action; condition
130
Defibrillator
Machine that shocks to heart.
131
De-
Reversal of; without
132
Fibrill/o
Muscle fiber; nerve fiber
133
-ator
Person who does; person who produces; thing that does; thing that produces.
134
Sclerotherapy
Procedure in which sclerosing drug is injecting into a varicose vein. The drug causes irritation and inflammation that later becomes fibrosis that occludes the vein. The blood flow is redirected to anothe, deeper vein, and the varicose vein is no longer distended.
135
- Therapy
Treatment
136
Sphygmomanometer
The Sphygmomanometer consists of a thin inflatable cuff that wraps around the arm. measures blood pressure
137
sphygm/o
Pulse
138
man/o
Frenzy; thin
139
Systolic
The top number in a blood pressure reading, which represents the force of the contraction of the ventricles
140
Systol/o
Contracting
141
Carotid endarterectomy
Procedure to remove plaque from an occluded carotid artery.
142
-ectomy
Surgical removal
143
Anastomosis
Procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the myocardium
144
anastom/o
Create an opening between two structures
145
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Procedure to reconstruct a coronary artery that is narrowed because of atherosclerosis
146
Percutaneous
Per-through; throughout
147
Cutane/o
Skin
148
-ous
Pertaining to transluminal
149
Lumin/o
Lumen; opening
150
-al
Pertaining to angioplasty.
151
angi/o
Blood vessel; lymphatic vessel
152
-plasty
Process of reshaping by surgery.
153
Angioplasty
Surgical repair or unblocking of a blood vessel, especially a coronary artery.
154
Pericardiocentesis
Surgery to remove the fluid from the heart
155
Ablation
Procedure to destroy ectopic areas in the heart that are emitting electrical impulses in producing arrhythmia. The surgical removal of body tissue.
156
ablat/o
Destroy; take away
157
Occlusion
The blockage or closing of a blood vessel or hollow oregon
158
Occlus/o
Close against
159
Prosthetic
Artificial part
160
Prosthet/o
Artificial part
161
Xenograft
If the replacement heart valves come from in animal, it is now as xenograft. A tissue graft Or oregon transplanted from a donor of a different species from the recipient
162
xen/o
Foreign
163
-graft
Tissue for implant; Tissue for transplant
164
Valvoplasty
Procedure to reconstruct a heart valve to correct stenosis or prolapse.
165
Angiotensin
Vasoconstriction and a subsequent increase in blood pressure
166
Antiarrhythmic
Treat arrhythmias
167
rrhythm/o
Rhythm
168
Anticoagulant
Prevent a blood clot from forming
169
-ant
Pertaining to
170
coagul/o
Clotting
171
Antihypertensive
Treat hypertension
172
Digitalis
Treat congested heart failure. Digital tallest drugs decrease the heart rate and strengthen the heart's contractions
173
Diuretic drugs
Block sodium from being absorbed from the tubule back jnto blood. As the sodium is excreted in the urine, It brings water and potassium with it because of osmatic pressure. Sometimes called water pills
174
Nitrate
Treat angina pectoris. Nitrate drugs dilate the vein to decrease the amount of work that the heart must do and dilate the arteries. The auto is to decrease the blood pressure.
175
Thrombolytic
Break down blood clots
176
Thromb/o
Blood clot
177
lyt/o
Break down; destroy
