Cardiology Flashcards
Prominent V waves on JVP -?
Tricuspid regurg
Symptoms of tricuspid regurgitation
Pansystolic murmur
Prominent/giant V waves in JVP
Pustile hepatomegaly
Left parasternal heave
Causes of tricuspid regurg
Right ventricular infarction
Pulmonary HTN e.g. COPD
Rheumatic heart disease
IE (esp in IVDUs)
Ebsteins anomaly
Carcinoid syndrome
What dose of adrenaline is used in cardiac arrest?
1 in 10,000
What are the shockable rhythms?
VT/VF
What are the non shockable rhythms?
Asystole
PEA
Ratio of chest compressions to ventilation breaths
30:2
What should you do to VT/VF originally?
Shock
What should be given ASAP for a non-shockable rhythm?
Adrenaline 1mg in 10,000
When is adrenaline given in a VF/VT arrest?
After the third shock after compressions are restarted
When should adrenaline be repeated?
Every 3 - 5 mins
When and who should amiodarone be given to?
VF/pulseless VT
After 3 shocks have been administered
Reversible H causes of cardiac arrest
Hypoxia
Hypothermia
Hyperkalaemia, hypokalaemia, hypoglycaemia, hypocalcaemia
Hypovolaemia
Reversible T causes of cardiac arrest
Thrombus
Tamponade
Toxins
Tension pneumothorax
What murmur does ASD give in adults?
Ejection systolic murmur louder on inspiration
What murmur does mitral regurg give?
Pansystolic murmur
Louder on expiration
How would tertatology of fallot present?
Cyanosis in early childhood
A loud ejection systolic murmur could be what?
Aortic stenosis
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
An ejection systolic murmur which is louder on inspiration?
Pulmonary stenosis
ASD
What does a pansystolic murmur indicate?
VSD
Mitral/tricuspid regurg
What does a continous machine like murmur indicate?
Patent ductus arteriosus
Definition of pulmonary aterial hypertension
Resting mean pulmonary pressure of > 25mmHg
Which gender is pulmonary arterial HTN more common in?
Female
What age does pulmonary arterial HTN present?
30-50 y/o