Cardiology

Question 1

What are the causes of AF?

Answer 1

PIRATES
P - PE
I - IHD
R - Rheumatic Heart Disease
A - Anemia, alcohol
T - Thyroid
E - Elevated Blood Pressure, endocarditis
S - Sleep Apnoea

Question 2

What are the 4 Hs and 4 Ts?

Answer 2

Hypoxia
Hypo / hyper thermia
Hyper / hypo kalaemia
Hypovolaemia

Thrombosis
Toxins
Tension Pneumothorax
Tamponade

Question 3

When do you send AF to ED?

Answer 3

Heart failure signs
Syncope
Pain (chest)

Question 4

What scoring is used before starting anticoagulation in AF?

Answer 4

HASBLED and CHADSVASC

Question 5

What are the AF rhythm control medications?

Answer 5

Sotolol OR Flexainide OR Amiodarone

Question 6

What is AF rate control medication?

Answer 6

Metoprolol

Question 7

What anticoagulant is used for valvular AF?

Answer 7

LMWH / Warfarin

Question 8

What anticoagulant is used for Non-valvular AF?

Answer 8

NOAC

Question 9

What are the Lipid targets?

Answer 9

TC <4
HDL > 1
LDL <2
TG >2

Question 10

How much lumen is occluded in stable angina?

Answer 10

75%

Question 11

When do you call ambulance in stable angina?

Answer 11

Pain persists for >10min despite 2 doses of GTN

Question 12

What are some acute complications of an MI?

Answer 12

VF, Papillary muscle rupture, Mitral regurgitation, Mural thrombosis, sudden cardiac death