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Biol 215 > Cardio Vascular System: Heart Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Cardio Vascular System: Heart Chapter 20 Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the heart

A
  1. Generate blood pressure
  2. Routing Blood
  3. One way blood flow through valves
  4. Regulating Blood supply
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2
Q

Pulmonary Circuit is on the ____ side and carries _______ blood in to the ____

A

right, deoxygenated, lungs

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3
Q

Systemic Circuit is on the _____ side and carries ______ blood out to the _____

A

left, oxygenated, tissues

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4
Q

The heart is the size of a

A

closed fist

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5
Q

The ____ is at the top

A

base

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6
Q

The ______ is at the bottom

A

apex

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7
Q

The heart is located in the ______ in the ______ cavity

A

mediastinum, thoracic

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8
Q

The heart is house inside of the ________ sac

A

pericardial

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9
Q

_____ _______ provides lubrication and secrets fluid

A

serous pericardium

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10
Q

Parietal means on the ______

A

outside

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11
Q

Visceral means directly against the ____

A

organ

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12
Q

The ____ ________ is the tough outer layer anchoring force providing protection

A

fibrous pericardium

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13
Q

_________ effusion means _______ fluid in pericardial sac

A

Pericardial, excessive

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14
Q

Cardiac ________ means fluid pressing on the hear to prevent it from ______ and _______

A

Tamponade, relaxing, contract

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15
Q

________ is the outer heart surface, smooth, and slick

A

epicardium

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16
Q

_______ means cardiac muscle cell

A

myocardium

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17
Q

_______ is the inner surface

A

endocardium

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18
Q

______ muscles, mean the atrial wall

A

pectinate

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19
Q

the _________ _____ ridges and projection in the ventricles

A

trabeculae, carne

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20
Q

Pulmonary vessels consist of

A

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

Pulmonary Trunk

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21
Q

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

A

on the right side of the heart

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22
Q

Pulmonary Trunk

A

From right ventricles to the lungs

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23
Q

Systemic Vessels

A

Pulmonary Veins
Aorta

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24
Q

Pulmonary Veins

A

From the lungs to the left atrium

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25
Q

Aorta

A

From left ventricle to body

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26
Q

Coronary Sinus is the heart muscles blood supply separate from the ________ and _______ circuit

A

pulmonary, systemic

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27
Q

The coronary sinus carries _________ blood into the heart ______

A

deoxygenated, tissue

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28
Q

The right coronary artery carries blood from the right ______ to the posterior/inferior heart

A

ventricle

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29
Q

The left coronary artery supplies blood to the left _______ and left _____ coronary vein

A

ventricle, posterior

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30
Q

The cardiac veins transport ______ blood from the ______ arteries into the ______ atrium

A

deoxygenated, coronary, right

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31
Q

The cardiac veins consist of the

A

Great cardiac Vein
Small cardiac Vein
Coronary Sinus

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32
Q

The atria are separated by the _____________ septum

A

interatrial

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33
Q

The ____ _____ remnant of the foramen ovale (which used to exist in fetal circulous)

A

Fossa Ovalis

34
Q

The _________ valves are the opening between the atria and ventricles

A

atrioventricular valves, atria, ventricles

35
Q

The _________ valves are the openings between the ventricles and atrium

A

semilunar valves, ventricles, atrium

36
Q

Right AV valve

A

Tricuspid valve

37
Q

Left AV Valve

A

Bicuspid/Mitral Valve

38
Q

Valves prevent ____ ___

A

back flow

39
Q

The ____ valves are the first sound and the _____ valves are the second sound

A

AV, semilunar

40
Q

Blood flow through the heart

A

Superior Vena Cava, Inferior Vena Cava, Coronary Sinus

through the right atrium

Right AV valve

Right ventricle

Semilunar Pulmonary Valve

Pulmonary Trunk

Pulmonary arteries

Lungs

Pulmonary Veins

Left atria

Left AV valve

Left ventricle

Aortic semilunar valve

Aorta

41
Q

What is the electrical insulation between the atria and ventricles

A

Plates of fibrous connective tissue

42
Q

Plates of fibrous connective tissue act as ____ for the valves

A

support

43
Q

Plates of fibrous connective tissue is a solid _____ for the heart when it contracts

A

anchor

44
Q

______ and _____ work in contraction

A

actin and myosin

45
Q

___________ _____ are specialized cells that provide connection

A

intercalated discs

46
Q

_____ stimulation precedes _______

A

electrical, contraction

47
Q

_________ relay action potentials through the heart, which spontaneously generates contraction

A

cardiomyocytes

48
Q

the ____ node is known as the pace maker

A

SA

49
Q

The ___ node spontaneously generates electrical pulse through the entire heart

A

SA

50
Q

Electrical impulse through the heart passes through ______ ________

A

atrial cardiomyocytes

51
Q

_____ node receives electrical current and slows it down a little bit giving the atrial cells time to contract

A

AV

52
Q

Pathway of electrical contraction

A

SA node
AV node
AV bundle
Right and left bundle branches
Purjunkie fibers

ALL to ventricles (apex to base)

53
Q

_________ cells transport electrical signals

A

conducting

54
Q

_______ cells stimulate and produce contraction

A

contractile

55
Q

____ _______ is the difference in electrical charge across the plasma membrane

A

Membrane potential

56
Q

_______ _______ means how easily ions get in and out of the membrane

A

membrane permeability

57
Q

Diffusion means concentrated gradients move through concentrations from ______ to _____

A

high, low

58
Q

________ is removing the polarity and the ___ charge becomes more like the ______ charge, thus both sides becoming similar in charge

A

Depolarization, inside, outside

59
Q

The difference in charge across a membrane is the

A

polarity

60
Q

__________ is when the Polarity is restores and where the inside and outside have ______ charges

A

Depolarization, different

61
Q

_____ means FULL action potential, from depolarization to depolarization

A

threshold

62
Q

When depolarization happens ____ voltage gate channel opens and ___ moves into the cell

A

Sodium, Na+

63
Q

Depolarization/ Early phase means some ____ channels open and all ____ channels open producing plate

A

K+, Ca2+

64
Q

Platue means maintained _______

A

depolarization

65
Q

Plataue gives the heart time to ______ before contracting

A

relax

66
Q

______ ________ means the voltage Ca2+ close and many K+ channels open

A

final repolarization

67
Q

Cardiac muscle contraction travels from cell to cell _____ than skeletal muscle

A

slower

68
Q

Cardiac muscle has ________ Ca2+ required

A

extracellular

69
Q

The ___ wave measures atrial depolarization

A

p

70
Q

The ____ complex measures ventricular depolarization

A

QRS

71
Q

The __ wave measures depolarization of ventricles

A

T

72
Q

Systole means

A

contraction

73
Q

Diastole means

A

relaxation

74
Q

Blood moves from ____ pressure to ____ pressure

A

high, low

75
Q

Pacemaker potential is when the semilunar valves _____ and _____ are filling

A

shut, ventricles

76
Q

Isovolumetric Contraction is when ______ valves shut and ventricles _____

A

ALL, contract

77
Q

Period of Ejection is when ___ valves are still shut and ____ valves open and pressure is built

A

AV, semilunar

This is the PERIOD that ESV is taken from

78
Q

Period of Isovolumetric Relaxation is when ____ valves are shut and the ventricular volume is the _____

A

ALL, same

79
Q

Passive Ventricular Filling is when ____ valves open and _____ valves stay closed and there is ______ from pressure but no contraction

A

AV, Semilunar, filling

80
Q

Lubb is during the __________ _______ phase and ____ valves shut

A

Isovolumetric Contraction, AV

81
Q

Dubb is during the __________ ______ phase and ______ valves shut

A

isovolumetric relaxation, semilunar

82
Q
A

Biol 215 (3 decks)

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