Cardio vascular disease treatments

Question 1

What are the risk factors of CVD?

Answer 1

Age
Blood pressure
Blood cholesterol
Diet

Question 2

Benefits of ACE inhibitors

Answer 2

Lowers blood pressure because blood vessel walls do not undergo vasoconstriction because there is an absence of angiotensin 2 as a result of the ACE inhibitors prevent the production of angiotensin 2

Question 3

Risks of ACE inhibitors

Answer 3

Dry cough, dizziness, abnormal heart rhythms and improper kidney function

Question 4

Benefits of calcium channel blockers

Answer 4

Lowers blood pressure, Calcium is needed for muscles to contract, so the calcium channel blockers will prevent calcium from entering atrial muscle cells by travelling through the calcium channels, with the calcium channels being blocked, the muscles cells are unable to constrict, lowering blood pressure

Question 5

Risks of calcium channel blockers

Answer 5

Can cause headache, dizziness, swollen ankles abnormal heart rhythms, flushing red in the face, constipation and possible death for people with heart failure

Question 6

Benefits of diuretics

Answer 6

Lowers the blood plasma volume, making it easier for the blood to pass through infected arteries and thus reducing blood pressure

Question 7

Risks of diuretics

Answer 7

Can cause nausea, dizziness, and muscle cramps

Question 8

How fo diuretics work?

Answer 8

Diuretics encourage the kidneys to produce an increased amount of urine, so, salts and excess water is voided from the body and thusly thins the blood by reducing blood plasma volume, this lowers overall blood pressure and reduces the formation of atheromas by reducing blood salt levels

Question 9

Benefits of statins

Answer 9

The liver produces less cholesterol and therefore reduces the blood cholesterol levels

Question 10

Risks of statins

Answer 10

Tiredness, disturbed sleep, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, muscle weakness

Question 11

Benefits of aspirin

Answer 11

Blood clotting is less likely to occur so an inflammatory response is less likely to happen and there is a reduced risk of stroke, Platelets cannot stick together to form a platelet plug, stops blood clots from forming

Question 12

Risks of aspirin

Answer 12

Some people are allergic to aspirin, can just not work, risk of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract

Question 13

Benefits of warfarin

Answer 13

Blood cannot clot so there is a lower risk of stroke and aneurism

Question 14

What does warfarin do?

Answer 14

Prevents synthesis in clotting factories by inhibiting the production of vitamin K, prevents blood clots because vitamin K is vital in the formation of blood clots

Question 15

Risks of warfarin

Answer 15

Blood cannot properly clot, can cause internal bleeding (less likely than in Aspirin)