CARDIO QUIZZES Flashcards by SALI BABY

The most common complaint of this cardiac disease is palpitation from supraventricular arrhythmias

Mitral stenosis
Aortic regurgitation
Mitral valve prolapse
Mitral regurgitation

Mitral valve prolapse

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This is the most common valvular involvement in patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease

Mitral stenosis
Aortic regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral valve prolapse

Mitral regurgitation

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Wide pulse pressure and a bounding water-hammer pulse is seen in this severe valvular heart disease

Mitral stenosis
Aortic stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
Aortic regurgitation

Aortic regurgitation

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This type of valvular heart disease is UNCOMMON in children.

Aortic stenosis
Aortic regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Mitral regurgitation

Mitral stenosis
???

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The Point of maximum impulse of an 18-month old infant is located @:

4th left intercostal space, left anterior clavicular line
5th left intercostal space, left anterior clavicular line
4th left intercostal space, left midclavicular line
5th left intercostal space, left midclavicular line

4th left intercostal space, left midclavicular line

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Presence of a thrill in the suprasternal note is often seen in:

Mitral stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
Aortic stenosis
Aortic regurgitation

Aortic stenosis

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This is the reason why percussion has limited use in the pediatric population

Small heart
Thin chest wall
Developing cardiac system
Unreliable because they are moving oftentimes

Thin chest wall

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When you auscultate and a loud S1 heard, your most likely to consider the ff EXCEPT

Mitral stenosis
Hyperthyroidism
Febrile conditions
Mitral insufficiency

Mitral insufficiency

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This heart sound is commonly heard in normal children
S1
S2
S3
S4

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This heart sound is produced by the closure of the semilunar valves

S1
S2
S3
S4

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This heart sound is produced at the beginning of the ventricular filling phase

S1
S2
S3
S4

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It is a high-pitched sound preceding the S3 and very common in mitral stenosis

Opening snap
Ejection click
Carotid bruit
Friction rub

Opening snap

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This is a sharp high-pitched sound in early systole due to vibration produced by the ejected blood in dilated large vessel

Opening snap
Ejection click
Carotid bruit
Friction rub

Ejection click

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The following aspects of murmurs should be noted during auscultation except:

Duration
Timing
Grade
Radiation

Radiation

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A loud murmur accompanied by a thrill is graded as

3
4
5
6

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The following are characteristics of a systolic ejection murmur EXCEPT

Onset shortly after s2
Crescendo-decrescendo character
Onset at the beginning of the ventricular ejection
Heard best in aortic and pulmonic stenosis

Onset shortly after s2

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Diastolic murmurs are classified into the ff except

Ventricular filling murmurs
Atrial systole murmur
Regurgitant murmur of aortic insufficiency
Regurgitant murmur of pulmonic stenosis

Regurgitant murmur of pulmonic stenosis

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This is an initial diagnostic examination to study the heart and its related structures
Electrocardiography
Echocardiography
Ambulatory electrocardiogram
Chest roentgenography

Chest roentgenography

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The changing hemodynamics in the newborn is reflected in the wave in ECG

P wave
QRS wave
T wave
ST segment

T wave

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This is the most useful in diagnostic procedure in determining the cardiac rhythm

Angiography
Exercise testing
Electrocardiogram
Electrocardiography

Electrocardiography

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This is the most useful in diagnosis of intracardiac anatomy in children especially in those with Tetralogy of Fallot

Angiography
Echocardiography
Electrocardiogram
Electrocardiography

Echocardiography

This is the absolute contraindication to cardiac catheterization

Ebstein anomaly
Bacterial endocarditis
Acute myocarditis
Dextrocardia

Bacterial endocarditis

Transitional circulation consists of the following series of events, except

Foramen ovale closure
Increased left atrial pressure
decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance
increased pulmonary venous return to the right atrium

increased pulmonary venous return to the right atrium

This is the stimulus for closure of the ductus arteriosus

Oxygen
Prostaglandin
Indomethacin
Ibuprofen

Oxygen

In the fetal circulation there following are the major shunts except Placenta Ductus arteriosus Ductus venosus Fossa ovalis

Fossa ovalis

The adequacy of the blood flow of this blood vessel is crucial in the treatment of tricuspid atresia . Aorta Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Right Subclavian vein

Pulmonary artery

A chest xray finding of an egg shaped cardiac silhouette with a narrow superior mediastinum is characteristic of what cyanotic CHD? Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Transposition of Great Arteries (TGA) TAPVR Tricuspid Atresia

Transposition of Great Arteries (TGA)

A chest x-ray findings of moderate to severe cardiomegaly involving the right atrium and ventricle (Snowman sign) and prominent pulmonary vascular markings show what type of cyanotic CHDs? TOF TAPVR TGA Double outlet right ventricle

TAPVR

This is the primary defect in TOF: Anterior deviation of the infundibular septum Obstruction to right ventricular outflow Overriding of the aorta VSD

Anterior deviation of the infundibular septum Obstruction to right ventricular outflow ?????

The characteristic cardiac silhouette of a “Coeur en sabot” is associated with this type of CHD: TAPVR Tricuspid atresia Transposition of Great Arteries (TOA) Tetralogy of Fallot

Tetralogy of Fallot

The classic continuous murmur described as being like “machinery” in quality is best heard in patients with: Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Patent ductus arteriosus Tetralogy of Fallot

Patent ductus arteriosus

A 13-year old with known CHD-VSD since 2 months old, started to have easy fatiguability associated with cyanosis. On PE, she has a short, harsh systolic murmur, and a loud P2. She is most likely experiencing this complication. Ebstein anomaly Eisenmenger syndrome Infective endocarditis Congestive heart failure

Eisenmenger syndrome

The following component of Tetralogy of Fallot determines the degree of cyanosis in a patient: Size of the VSD Pulmonary stenosis Overriding the aorta Right ventricular hypertrophy

Pulmonary stenosis?

Which is a criteria for definite endocarditis? Positive blood cultures, intracardiac mass on valve by 2D echo Abscess on 2D echo, arthritis, fever Fever, a single blood culture, arthritis Fever, glomerulonephritis, a single positive culture, arthritis

Positive blood cultures, intracardiac mass on valve by 2D echo

One of the following acyanotic congenital heart disease is not associated with increased pulmonary blood flow: Atrial septal defect Ventricular Septal defect Patent ductus arteriosus Pulmonary stenosis

Pulmonary stenosis

The following statement is TRUE about Patent Ductus Arteriosus prognosis and treatment. Spontaneous closure after 1 year old is common Patients with PDA require transcatheter closure Infective endocarditis is a common complication after 1 year old Pulmonary hypertension is an absolute contraindication to surgery

Patients with PDA require transcatheter closure ????

The following right-to-left shunt Iesions increase pulmonary blood flow EXCEPT Truncus arteriosus Tetralogy of fallot Transposition Of Great Arteries Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Tetralogy of fallot

This is the most common finding in Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). Single and loud S2 Widely split, fixed S2 Systolic ejection murmur, 2nd LUSB Systolic regurgitant murmur, 2nd LUSB

Widely split, fixed S2

This is the primary mechanism behind the by hypoxic/tet spells in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot. Increased pulmonary blood flow Increased left to right shunting Increased systemic venous return Increased systemic vascular resistance

Increased systemic venous return

This is true of Coarclation of Aorta. ratio of occurrence is 1:3 (M:F) Associated with tricuspid aortic valves Disease course highly depends on the degree of obstruction Discase course highly depends on the pressure build up on distal aorta

Disease course highly depends on the degree of obstruction

An 11-year old female had 6 days intermittent fever with swollen, painful knee and ankle joints. On PE. patient was tachycardic, a grade 3/6 murmur was noted on the apex and rashes on the trunk were visible. ASO titer result showed 800TU: One of the following best describes the Jone's criteria for Rheumatic fever. Fever, rashes, swollen joints Murmur, swollen and painful joints, ASO 800 TU Fever, tachycardia, painful joints, ASO 800 TU. Fever, rashes, painful and swollen joints, ASO 800 TU

Murmur, swollen and painful joints, ASO 800 TU

Depending on the severity and frequency of the hypoxic spells, the following procedures are true, EXCEPT knee-chest position Oxygen administration Morphine injection Propranolol administration Rapid correction of Sodium bicarbonate irrespective of the severity

Rapid correction of Sodium bicarbonate irrespective of the severity

The chest x-ray may help to differentiate the types of congenital heart defects. **Increased pulmonary markings** (increased pulmonary blood flow) is seen in : Pulmonary atresia Truncus arteriosus Tetralogy of Fallot Tricuspid atresia

Truncus arteriosus

A 15-year old male was brought to the ER because of dyspnea for 4 days now. He had cough and fever for 5 days. On PE, he was pale, tachycardic, rales were noted on both lung fields, gallop rhythm was heard and liver was 5cms below the subcostal margin. Which of the following treatment modalities is appropriate? A. Diuretics, digitalis B. Oxygen, digitalis C..Oxygen, diuretics, nebulization D. Oxygen, antibiotics, diuretics, inotropes

D. Oxygen, antibiotics, diuretics, inotropes

Indications for surgical closure of a VSD include the following **EXCEPT** patients in whom clinical symptoms and failure to thrive cannot be controlled medically infants between 6 and 12mos of age with large defects associated with pulmonary hypertension patients older than 24 mo with a Qp: Qs ratio greater than 2: 1. severe pulmonary vascular disease nonresponsive to pulmonary vasodilators

severe pulmonary vascular disease nonresponsive to pulmonary vasodilators-->contraindication

Which of the following CHD is associated with CATCH 22? TOF TGA TAPVR Truncus arteriosus

TOF

Ventricular function is best assessed by this procedure in patients with heart failure. Electrocardiogram Echocardiography Cardiac catheterization Cardiac computed tomography

Echocardiography

Any of the following can serve as evidence of preceding infection in patients with rheumatic fever EXCEPT: Positive throat culture Elevated antitrypsin-O Rapid antigen test for Group B strep Recent infection with sandpaper rash,fever, sore throat

Rapid antigen test for Group B strep

The following are possible locations of VSD except: Inlet Outlet Visceral Perimembranous

Visceral

Blalock-Taussig shunt is the procedure of choice for this CHD. Tetralogy of Fallot Patent Ductus ArteriosUS Transposition of Great artery Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous return

Tetralogy of Fallot