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Robbins Pathology-Cardio (Chapters 11 and 12) > Cardio Micro > Flashcards

Cardio Micro Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of pericarditis

A

-Sharp chest pain (usually positions as leaning forward will make it better) -Fever -Palpitations

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2
Q

What resistance form is commonly arising in Enterococcus (group D strep)

A

Vancomycin

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3
Q

What are the EKG findings in a patient with pericarditis

A

-ST elevations -Depressions in aVR and V1

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4
Q

What are the complications with S. aureus infection

A

Food poisoning

Sclded skin syndrome

Toxic shock syndrome

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5
Q

What are the common causes of bacterial endocarditis

A

S. aureus, epidermidis, viridans, group D strep

-HACEK (Haemophilis, Aggregatibacter, cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella

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6
Q

What finding is this?

A

“waterbottle Sign”

-Flattening of the diaphragm due to weight of the effusion

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7
Q

What is the finding of mycobacterium when using a acid fast, Ziehl Neelsen stain

A

Red rods

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8
Q

Infectious myocarditis affects which portion of the heart

A

Myocardium aka the cardiac muscle

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9
Q

What is the method of plating Haemophilus sp.

A

Must be grown on cholate agar, and does not on Blood agar

*Can be grown on blood agar if with S aureus as it contain the hemolysins

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10
Q

What are the symptoms of intermediate phase chagas disease

A

Asymptomatic

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic phase of chagas disease

A

-Dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias -Megacolon, achalasia

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12
Q

What is the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment for endocarditis in able to take oral medication

A

Amoxicillin

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13
Q

What is the finding of infective endocarditis

A

Vegetations and destruction of the cardiac tissue, usually bacterial in nature

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of acute phase of Chagas disease

A

-Chagoma (lodule at bite site) -Romona sign (periorbital edema) -Fever, malaise -Myocarditis -Meningtioencephalitis

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15
Q

Which side of the heart tends to be affected with acute endocarditis

A

Right side (especially S. aureus)

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16
Q

What is the treatment for Viridans

A

Penicillin

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17
Q

What is the manifistation seen with infection for streptococcus viridans

A

Dental carries with bacterial endocarditis

18
Q

What is the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment for endocarditis in not able to take oral medication and needs an IV

A

Ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone

19
Q

What is the vector for trypanosoma Cruzi

A

Reduviid bug

20
Q

What condition is this and what is the cause?

A

Scalded skin syndrome

-S. aureus

21
Q

What is the treatment optionf for MSSA

A

Nafcillin

22
Q

What should be avoided in a patient with myocarditis

A

NSAIDs, EtOH, exercise

23
Q

What side of the heart tends to be affected in subacute endocarditis

A

Left side

24
Q

What is the treatment for someone with myocarditis

A

Beta blockers ACE inhibitors diuretics

25
Q

What is the treatmen for epidermidis

A

Vancomyocin

26
Q

What is the antibiotic prophylaxis treatment for endocarditis in allergic to penicillin

A

Desensitize, cephalexin, clindamycin, azithromycin

27
Q

What are the treatment contraindications for a patient with pericarditis

A

Anticoagulants

28
Q

What are the main agents of causing pericarditis

A

-Coxsackie (serous pericarditis) -Mycobacterium tuberculosis (caseous pericarditis)

29
Q

What are the symptoms that should be leading to the differential diagnosis of trichinella spiralis

A

-Abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever -Muscle pain (myositis) -Periorbital edema -Eosinophilia

30
Q

How does infective endocarditis first start

A

Bacteremia

31
Q

What is the finding of mycobacterium when using auramine rhadamine staining

A

Fluorescent apple green color

32
Q

What is the physical exam finding in a patient with pericarditis

A

Friction rub

33
Q

Streptococcus bovis is assocaited with which conditions

A

Colon cancer and IBD

34
Q

What is the emperic treatment for bacterial endocarditis

A

Vancomycin with or without gentamicin

35
Q

What is the major cardiac manifistation of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Caseating pericarditis

36
Q

What is the number one cause of osteomyelitis in adults and children

A

S. Aureus

37
Q

What is the media used to grow Enterococcus (Group D strep)

A

40% bile and 6.5% NaCl, blood agar

38
Q

What are the symptoms of a Coxsackie infection

A

URI Pleurodynia (severe intercostal pain and fever) Myocarditis Aseptic meningitis

39
Q

What is the cardiac X ray findings in a patient with pericarditis

A

-Normally nothing -Pericardial effusions over 250ml causes symmetrical cardiac silhouette, aka waterbottle sign

40
Q

What is the treatment for a patient with pericarditis

A

-High dose asparin (3x day)

Ibuprofen, indomethacin, colchicine

Robbins Pathology-Cardio (Chapters 11 and 12) (4 decks)

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