Cardio/lymph Flashcards
What does the circulatory system consist of?
The cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system.
What are the main functions of the circulatory system?
To move fluids around the body, provide oxygen and nutrients, remove wastes, fight infection, and maintain homeostasis.
Which systems does the cardiovascular system interact with?
The pulmonary system, renal system, endocrine system, and nervous system.
What is the basic structure of the cardiovascular system?
A closed system consisting of fluid (blood), a pump (heart), and pipes (vasculature).
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
To remove excess interstitial fluid and senescent blood cells, and fight infection.
Where is the heart located?
Within the mediastinum of the thorax, just to the left of the midline.
What are the two circuits of circulation the heart delivers blood through?
The pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit.
What shape is the heart similar to?
A toppled pyramid.
What makes up the anterior surface of the heart?
Mostly the right ventricle.
What is the apex of the heart?
The anterolateral portion of the left ventricle, pointing down and to the left.
What is the pericardium?
A fibrous sac consisting of three layers that surrounds the heart and base of the great vessels.
What are the two main layers of the serous pericardium?
The parietal layer and the visceral layer.
How does blood flow through the heart from the systemic circulation to the lungs?
From the SVC and IVC into the right atrium, through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, and then through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the lungs.
What path does oxygenated blood take from the lungs back to the systemic circulation?
From the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, through the mitral valve into the left ventricle, and then through the aortic valve into the ascending aorta and systemic circulation.
What are the two main coronary arteries?
The right and left coronary arteries.
