cardio - HTN Flashcards

1
Q

HTN crisis : ……………

A

> 180\110

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stages of HTN : 1-…………….. 2-………………. 3-………………..

A

1: 140-160\90-100 | 2: 160-180\100-110 | 3: >180\110

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most common cause of secondary HTN&raquo_space;>

A

renal ds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Resistant HTN = ………………….

A

HTN although ttt by 3 antihypertensive drugs including diuretics for 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Malignant HTN =

A

> 180\120 +bilateral retinopathy +fibrinoid degeneration in micro-vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

HTN crisis :

A

acute &sudden inc BP : | Urgency \ Emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Urgency HTN :

A

sever uncontrolled HTN with NO organ damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Emergency HTN : …………….

A

with end organ damage&raquo_space; most common stroke >P.edema > ISHDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Major C\P of Benign HTN&raquo_space;>……..

A

silent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mainor C\P of Benign HTN&raquo_space;>

A

headache , Dizziness, Tinnitus , Epistaxis&raquo_space;>till end organ damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

MC cause of death in HTN :

A

CVS complications ( ISHDs, Stroke , ESRD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Most accurate invs for HTN :

A

Ambulatory BP measurement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Inv for HTN if symptomatic pt. :

A

evaluation for end organ damage | K»urine albumin\creatinine ratio , serum creatinine , GFR | H» ECG,Echo | CNS» Carotid doppler , MRI | Eyes&raquo_space; fundoscopy | MAHA (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia)&raquo_space;> CBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1st line of ttt of HTN&raquo_space;»

A

pt. education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Target BP in ttt of HTN : …………… if well tolerated try to target ………………………..

A

<140\90mmHg if well tolerated try to target <130\80mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Target BP in ttt of HTN in young \ DM or CKD :

A

<130\80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Management OF HTN:::::::::
Normal BP with CVS RF. OR DM or CKD : ……………………………………
High normal BP with no CVS RF : ……………
High normal BP with CVS RF. or DM or CKD : ……………….. > if failed > …………………………….

A

Normal BP with CVS RF. OR DM or CKD : life style modification (LSM)
High normal BP with no CVS RF : LSM
High normal BP with CVS RF. or DM or CKD : LSM for 3-6mns > if failed > start anti-htn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Management OF HTN:::::::::
Stage 1 with no CVS RF : ……….. > if failed > …………………..
Stage 1 with 1 or 2 CVS RF. : …………..> if failed > …………………
Stage 1 with >3 CVS RF or DM or CKD : …………………….

A

LSM for 3-6mns > if failed > start anti-htn
Stage 1 with 1 or 2 CVS RF. : LSM for 3-6 weeks > if failed > start anti-htn
Stage 1 with >3 CVS RF or DM or CKD : LSM + start anti-htn immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Management OF HTN:::::::::
Stage 2 with no CVS RF. :……….> if failed > ……………
Stage 2 with CVS RF. or DM or CKD :…………………..

A

Stage 2 with no CVS RF. : LSM for 3-6 weeks > if failed > start anti-htn
Stage 2 with CVS RF. or DM or CKD : LSM + start anti-htn immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Management OF HTN:::::::::

Stage 3 : ………….

A

LSM + start anti-htn immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ttt options of benign HTN : …………………. , ……….. , ………………….. , ………………..

A

ACE-I or ARBs , BBs , CCBs , Diuretics

22
Q

benign HTN
Steps of ttt : 1 : …………………………|2:. ……………………….| resistant HTN : …………………………………………………

A

1 : ACEI\ARBs + CCBs \ Diuretics |2:ACEI\ARBs +CCB + diuretics | resistant HTN : as step 2 + spironolactone or BBCs or alpha-blockers(alpha-methyl dopa)

23
Q

DOC = drug of choice | #= Contraindication
DOC & # : HTN + DM&raquo_space;> …………………..

A

ACEI or ARBs | #&raquo_space;> BBs

24
Q

DOC & # : HTN + CKD&raquo_space;>

A

ACEI or ARBs | #&raquo_space;> K sparing diuretics

25
DOC & # : HTN + stroke >>>
ACEI + CCBs + Diuretics
26
DOC & # : HTN + CAD >>>
BBs
27
DOC & # : HTN + HF >>>
ACEI or ARBs + small dose BBs +diuretics (lasix, spironolactone) | # >>> CCBs
28
DOC & # : HTN + pregnancy >>>
alpha-methyl dopa or labetalol | # >>> ACEI or ARBs
29
: HTN + bronchial asthma >>>
BBs
30
K losing diuretics :
loop , Ethacrinic acid , thiazide
31
K sparing diuretics :
spironolactone , Amiloride , Triametrine
32
Side effects of k losing D :
loop >> sulfa allergy + dec Ca , Ethacrinic acid >> oto-toxic , thiazide >>inc Ca
33
Side effects of K sparing diuretics (spironolactone) :
gynecomastia, hyperkalemia, acidosis
34
Side effects of diuretics :
dec>>> Na-K-Mg , inc>>>> Glucose-Lipids-Uric acid
35
Side effects of ACEI (Captopril):
inc Bradykinin >> dry mouth , Angioedema
36
Side effects of ARBs (Losartan):
RAAS antagonist >> hyperkalemia &acidosis |- EPO production >> anemia
37
of ARBs :
bilateral renal artery stenosis
38
Side effects of alpha-methyl dopa :
chronic active hepatitis
39
Side effects of alpha-blockers :
postural hypotension , reflex tachycardia
40
Side effects of BBs :
bronchial spasm , impotence , mask s\s of hypoglycemia , worsen PVD
41
CCBs drugs : DHP : ........& ...................| non DHP : ............ & ......................
DHP : Nifedipine & Amlodipine | non DHP : Verapamile & Diltiazem
42
Side effects of CCB :
sever headache , flushing , LL edema
43
Side effects of DHP CCB :
reflex tachycardia >> risk for ISHD
44
Side effects of non DHP CCB :
-ve inotropic , -ve chronotropic >>> risk for HF
45
Side effects of Hydralazine :
drug induced lupus
46
Side effects of Diazoxide : ..................... & .................
hyper-uricemia & hyper-glycemia
47
Side effects of sodium Nitro-prusside :
cyanid toxicity >>> # in renal ds
48
in HTN + pheochromocytoma ::
prazocin (alpha blocker)
49
Centrally acting anti-HTN drug :
methyldopa
50
HTN drug protect against dec renal function ::
ACEI