**CArdio Exam 2 Flashcards
What is normal pH
7.35 to 7.45
What’s acidic pH
Below 7.35
What is basic/alkalosis pH?
More than 7.45
What’s Normal PaCO2
35-45
What’s normal H2CO3
22 - 26
How do you know if ABG is a respiratory issue
PH and CO2 are opposite direction
How do you know if ABG is metabolic?
CO3 and pH are going in the same direction
5 most common ICU Dx
Respiratory system Dx with ventilator support
Acute MI
ICH
Percutaneous CV procedure with drug-eluding stent
Septicemia
Opposite of homeostasis
Physiologic instability
Heart failure is characterized by reduced organ blood flow. T or F
True
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction is commonly associated with?
Reduced ejection fraction
Stroke volume is reduced in L ventricular dysfunction because muscle fiber shortening velocity is reduced at a given afterload and preload. T or F
True
The Frank Starling mechanism can help to compensate for systolic dysfunction by causing a pre-load dependent increase in contractile force. T or F
True
Systolic dysfunction may result from which cellular mechanism?
Reduced release of calcium by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is commonly associated with
Increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
A pt with history of chronic hypertension is Dx with L ventricular systolic dysfunction. This condition most likely results from?
Concentric ventricular hypertrophy
Diastolic dysfunction may result from increased activity of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) pump. T or F
False
What is least likely to be observed in a L ventricle Dx with both systolic and diastolic function?
Reduced end-systolic volume
The increase in blood volume associated with chronic heart failure is caused by
Increased circulating aldosterone
Natriuretic prep tides released by the heart during failure do what?
Decerase blood volume
pH VALUE
7.35 - 7.45
MAP value
70-110 mmHg
CVP (central venous pressure) value
2-6 mmHg
Normal PAP
15-30 / 8-15
Normal CO
4-8 L/min
CI (cardiac index)
2.5 - 4 L/min/m2
SvO2 (mixed)
60-80%
CPP - cerebral perfusion pressure
60-80 mmHg
ICP
5-15 mmHg
Normal SpO2 (pulse ox)
More than 92%
What % for pulse ox needs oxygen therapy?
88-90% needs O2 therapy
WBC
4 - 11 thousand
HgB =
14-17 males
12-16 females
Lactate
0.5 - 1 mmol/L
BUN
5-25 mg/dL
Creatinine
0.6-1.2 mg/dL
K (potassium)
3.5-5 mEq/L
BNP
Less than 100 pg/mL
More than how much of BNP is what?
More than 400 = HF
INR normal
0.9 - 1.1
Therapeutic INR
2-3
Normal PT/PTT
23.8 - 36.6 sec
Therapeutic PT/PTT
60-80 seconds
FiO2 more than what is what
More than 0.8 is exclusion for mobility
Normal ejection fraction
55-70%
Less than what % of ejection fraction needs what
Less than 20-25% ejection fraction needs heart transplant
Less than how much feet for 6MWT is a higher mortality risk
Less than 600 feet
HRR (heart rate recovery) less than ? Is ?
Less than 13 beats = poor when comparing is to HRpeak at 2 min post
FBG
100-125 mg/dL
