cardio embryology

Question 1

what is transverse pericardial sinus?
where inflow tract meets the outflow tract
site of ligation in surgeries

Question 2

when does linear heart tube formation occur?
fusion of primitive heart tubes

Answer 2

week 3

Question 3

when does looping of heart occur?

Answer 3

week 4 (day 23-28)

Question 4

what grows from bifurcation of truncus arteriosus?

Answer 4

aortic-pulmonary septum

Question 5

aortic valve is anterior to pulmonary valve
true or false?

Answer 5

false
aortic valve is posterior to pulmonary valve
aortic valve has posterior cusp while pulmonary valve has anterior cusp

Question 6

where is the aorta and pulmonary trunk derived from?

Answer 6

truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis

Question 7

which foramen shunts blood from RA to LA?

Answer 7

foramen ovale

Question 8

which shunt bypasses the lungs?

Answer 8

ductus arteriosus (shunt blood between pulmonary trunk and descending aorta)

Question 9

which shunt bypasses liver?

Answer 9

ductus venosus (shunts portion of umbilical vein blood flow directly into IVC)

Question 10

what does the ductus venosus degenerate to become?

Answer 10

ligamentum venosum

Question 11

why is there an increased risk of stroke in patent foramen ovale?

Answer 11

thrombus can bypass pulmonary circulation and go to the brain

Question 12

what is an overriding aorta?

Answer 12

aorta shifts right slightly to lie directly over the ventricular septal defect –> deoxygenated blood into systemic circulation

Question 13

A baby was born and was in respiratory distress and cyanotic. It was found out that there was a defect of a “transposiion of the great vessels”. Which of the following concomitant congenital defects would have prevented the baby from being cyanotic?

a. atrial septal defect
b. ventricular septal defect
c. patent ductus arteriosus
d. A and B only
e. All of the above

Answer 13

e. all of the above