Cardio Deck 3: EKG stuff and some extra

Question 1

What drugs cause long QT?

Answer 1

Some Risky Meds Can Prolong QT. Sotalol, Risperidone (antipsychotics), Macrolides, Chloroquine, Protease inhibitors (-navir_, Quinidine (class Ia and III), Thiazides

Question 2

Treatment of Torsades?

Answer 2

It is from prolonged QT, give them Magnesium Sulfate

Question 3

Romano Ward syndrome?

Answer 3

Congintal logn QT that is autosomal dominant and has pure cardiac phenotype

Question 4

Jervell and Lange-Nielsen synrome?

Answer 4

Autosomal recessive and includes sensorineural deafness (whereas romano ward did not have deafness)

Question 5

Most common type of ventricular pre-excitation (you see a delta wave on ECG)?

Answer 5

Wolff-Parkinson-White: accessory pathway from atria to ventricle that bypass AV node.Depolarization happens earlier and so shortened PR interval and looks like a sail on EKG. May result in reentry circuit and supra ventricular tachycardia

Question 6

Awtooth appearance on ekg treatment?

Answer 6

Atrial flutter treated by voncersion to sinus rhythm with IA, IC or III antiarrhythmics, rate control is by Beta blocker or Ca channel blocker

Question 7

Describe AV blocks

Answer 7

1st degree is prolonged PR interval and benign.

Second Degree: Mobitz Type I is wenckebach Progressive lengthening of PR until dropped beat (remember that youtube video?) usually asymptomatic
Mobits II is dropped beats without being preceded by PR change (often 2:1 blok) and can progress to 3rd degree block. NEEDS TREATMENT with pacemaker usually

3rd degree: atria and ventricles are independent of each other. P and QRS are there although P waves are not related to QRS. LYME DISEASE CAN CAUSE IT