Cardio and Pulmonary Flashcards
Resting HR for trained vs. untrained
Trained person has a lower resting HR.
Stroke volume for trained vs. untrained
SV is higher for a trained person
Equation for cardiac output
HR x SV
Once SV reaches max, any increase in cardiac output is due to what
Increased HR
What does the QRS complex of the ECG represent
Ventricular Depolarization
Atrial Repolarization/relaxation
Duration of QRS complex
0.08 seconds
What does the P wave of the ECG represent
Represents atrial depolarization/contraction
What does the T wave of ECG represent?
ventricular repolarizaiton (ventricular filling takes place)
What does two R waves represent
HR
Distance represents duration of contractions
The heart responds to training stimulus just like any other muscle. T/F
True
same as skeletal muscle, except has intercalated discs
Does blood flow to hear muscle increase by more than 4 fold during max work?
Yes
How are max cardiac output and max VO2 related?
linearly related.
Diastolic BP stays the same
Systolic BP will increase
Correlated at 0.90
SV reaches max value at what % for trained vs. untrained?
SV reaches max value at about 50% VO2 max for untrained
SV reaches max value at about 70-75% VO2 max for trained
Describe why heart can be considered two separate pumps
atria and ventricles each contract together
Where do the superior and inferior vena cava return blood to
Right atrium
What kind of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?
oxygenated blood
Does the aorta contain oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
Oxygenated, Pressure of aorta is highest
Where does the mitral valve control blood flow
btw left atrium and left ventricle
What causes a heart murmur
valve is not closing completely. will have back flow of blood from left ventricle to left atrium
What happens to SV during heart murmur
SV will decrease
What happens to HR during heart murmur
HR will increase. Heart has to work harder to keep up with O2 demand
About what percentage of females will have a mitral valve prolapse?
10-15%
What are the phases of a cardiac cycle?
Systole and diastole
What is systole
Contraction of ventricles