Cardio Flashcards
ACE Inhibitors:
Drug names
(-prils)
Ramipril, Lisinopril, Perindopril
ACE Inhibitors:
Side effects
Dry cough
Not for pregnancy
ACE Inhibitors:
Mechanism
Stops angiotensin 1 conversion to angiotensin 2
ACE Inhibitors:
Used in
Hypertension (acute and chronic)
Heart failure (left ventricular dysfunction)
Preventing strokes
Given to those post MI
ACE Inhibitors:
Acronym stands for
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
ARBs:
Acronym stands for
Angiotensin receptor blockers
ARBs:
Used in
Basically ACE inhibitors but without the dry cough side effect for those who can’t tolerate it, i.e breathlessness
ARBs:
Drug names
(-sartan)
Losartan, Candesartan, Valsartan
Calcium channel blockers:
Drug names
(-pine)
Amlodipine, Nifedipine.
Verapamil.
Calcium channel blockers:
Side effects
Peripheral (ankle) oedema
Do not give verapamil with a beta-blocker
Calcium channel blockers:
Used in
Hypertension
Angina
Heart dysrhythmia (atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia)
Calcium channel blockers:
Mechanism
Blocks smooth muscle L type channels (vasodilators)
Diuretics:
Drug names
Thiazide - Bendroflumethiazide
Loops - Furosemide
Spironolactone
Diuretics:
Side effects
Bendroflumethiazide - gout
Furosemide - hypokalaemia
Spironolactone - give men moobs
Diuretics:
Used in
Bendroflumethiazide - hypertension and heart failure
Furosemide - oedema and heart failure
Beta-blockers:
Drug names
(-olol)
Propanolol, bisprolol (b1 selective)
Beta-blockers:
Used in
Angina
Hypertension
Heart failure
Post-MI
Beta-blockers:
Mechanism
Blocks adrenaline receptors
B1 = heart B2 = lungs
Beta-blockers:
Side effects
Loads
Bronchoconstriction
Nitrates:
Drug names
( -nitrate… obviously)
GTN, Isorbic mononitrate
Nitrates:
Side effects
Headache
Diminished effect if overused
Nitrates:
Used in
Stable angina
Part of MONA for ST elevated MI
Nitrates:
Mechanism
Vasodilators
Digoxin:
Used in
Heart failure
Atrial fibrillation
Digoxin:
Mechanism
Blocks Na/K pump
Slows heart rate
Digoxin:
Side effects
V. toxic
Blurred, yellow vision
Headache
Antibiotics:
Used in
Endocarditis
Staph. Aureaus (drug users)
Flucloxacillin
Native valve
Already Got
Amoxicillin Gentamicin
Enterococcus
All Germs
Amoxicillin Gentamicin
Strep. Viridans
Be Green on agar
Benzylpenicillin Gentamicin
Prosthetic valve
Very Good Replacement
Vancomycin Gentamicin Rifampicin