cardio

Question 1

most common acquired heart disease in children

Answer 1

kawasaki (used to be rheumatic fever)

Question 2

Coronary aneurysm in KD

Answer 2

15-25% of untreated patients, treated ~5%

Question 3

Holt-oram syndrome cardiac finding

Answer 3

absence radius and thumb, associated with ASD

Question 4

DiGeorge/VCF cardiac anom

Answer 4

aortic arch abn (e.g. type B interupted aortic arch, right aortic arch)
conotruncal abn (truncus Art, ToF, pulm atresia with VSD)

Question 5

Noonan cardiac

Answer 5

pulmonic valve dysplasia (right sided!), ASD

Question 6

Turners cardiac

Answer 6

Coarct, bicuspid aortic valve (left sided!)

Question 7

Williams cardiac

Answer 7

supravalvular aortic stenosis, pulmonary artery stenosis

Question 8

Marfan cardiac

Answer 8

aortic root dilatation (beta blockers!), aortic/mitral valve insufficiency

Question 9

T21 cardiac

Answer 9

AVSD, VSD, PDA, anomalous subclavian artery

Question 10

ellis-van creveld

Answer 10

ASD or single atrium, gingival frenula and natal teeth, polydactyly

Question 11

FASD cardiac

Answer 11

VSD

Question 12

xray TGA

Answer 12

“egg on string” narrow waist of mediastinum - pulmonary artery is posterior to aorta with round heart, increased pulmonary venous markings

Question 13

xray TAPVR or PAPVR

Answer 13

dpeneds on where the pulmonary circulation is draining “scimitar syndrome” can see pulmonary veins draining into IVC
below the diaphragm xray looks like RDS

Question 14

ToF xray

Answer 14

“boot shaped”

pulmonic stenosis results in RVH, upward tild of apex

Question 15

Ebsteins xray

Answer 15

“box shaped” heart - enlarged right atrium and prominent RVOT