Cardiac Tumors Flashcards
1
Q
Cardiac Tumors general information
A
- can be primary ( primary benign or primary malignant)
- 75% are benign
- heart can be affected by tumors through invasion of the myocardium, endocardium, or pericardium
2
Q
Primary Benign
A
- Myxoma (most common benign tumor (50%) found in the adult population between ages of 30 to 60
- Papillary fibroelostoma: (10%) (most common cardiac valve tumor)
- Lipoma (10%)
- Rhabdomyoma: most common benign tumor found in children
3
Q
Primary Malignant (intra-cardiac)
A
- angiosarcoma 29% (usually involves right atrium)
- rhabdomyosarcoma: 11% (often infiltrate ventricular myocardium)
- fibrosarcoma 8% (extensive infiltration of the heart is common)
- lymphoma 6% (usually located in right atrium with pericardial effusion)
- Leimyosarcoma 5% (usually located in left atrium)
- Myxosarcoma 3% (usually in left atrium)
4
Q
Myxoma general info
A
- attached by a stalk to the IAS at fossa ovalis
- may prolapse into the left ventricle
- mostly occurs in LA may appear in biatria
- children have higher occurence in ventricle
- female 3x more likely
5
Q
Myxoma History/Physical examination
A
- contstitutional symptoms (e.g. fever,rash,pallor)
- familial
- female
- heart failure sypmtoms
- ches pain
- embolic event
6
Q
Myxoma M-mode/2-D
A
- dramatic motions from LA to LV
- Finely speckled mass with well defined edges
- central lucency
- LA dilatation
- Heavy band of clouds
7
Q
Myoxma Doppler
A
- mimics valvular mitral stenosis
- valve regurgitation
8
Q
Papillary Fibroelastoma AKA
A
- cardiac papilloma
- papillary fibroma
- papillary endocardial tumor
- giant lambl’s excrescence
- papilloelastoma
- fibropapilloma
9
Q
Papillary Fibroelastoma general facts
A
- 2nd most common cardiac tumor
- mitral and aortic valve most commonly affected (mitral valve most often)
- histologically similar to Lambl’s excrescences seen in elderly
- older than 60 yrs
- rarely exceeds 1 cm in diameter
