Cardiac Syndromes

Question 1

Condition that causes inflammation in walls of medium sized arteries / coronary arteries

Fever for at least 5 days X 4 of the following:
-bilateral non-purulent conjunctivitis
- oropharynx: strawberry tongue, fissured red lips, pharyngitis
-edema, erythema, disquamification ( peeling) of palms & soles of feet
- rash: truncal, polymorphous, non vesicular
- cervical lymphadenopathy

Answer 1

Kawasaki disease

Question 2

Disease of connective tissue

Inherited

Heart defects: enlarged aortic root, mitral valve prolapse, ascending aorta dissection/ dilation, pulmonary artery dilation.

Tall slim stature
FTT
hypotonic
Motor delays
Arm span > leg length
Long digits
Pectins deformity
Scoliosis
Lens dislocation

Answer 2

Marfans syndrome

Question 3

Trisomy 21

Heart: AV canal/ VSD

upward slanting of palpebral fissure & epicanthal folds

Flat nasal bridge

Brushfield spots( blueish/ grayish spots on sclera)

Bridged palmar crease

Wide spaced toe

Short fifth digit

Small ears, flat occiput

Answer 3

Down syndrome

Question 4

Heart: pulmonary valve stenosis, ASD

Short stature

Widely spaced eyes

Low set ears

Webbing of neck

Shield chest + pectins deformity + increased carrying angle of arms

Answer 4

Noonan syndrome

Question 5

Heart: TOF, VSD

micrognathia(small jaw)

Hypertelorism( abnormal large distance between eyes

Low set/ malformed ears

Answer 5

DiGeorge syndrome