cardiac symptoms Flashcards
platypnea
left atrial myxoma, hepatopulmonary syndrome
abdominal sign of diaphragm weakness
paradoxical movement of abdomen (inwardmovement)
kerley b lines
They are thin linear pulmonary opacities caused by fluid or cellular infiltration into the interstitium of the lungs.
seen in pulmonary edema
initial signs of pulmomary edema, radiology
peri bronchial thickening, prominent vascular markings in the upper lung zones, kerley b lines
late signs of pulmomary edema, radiology
patchy alveolar filling in a perihilar distribution
causes of non cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Direct injury to lung:
Aspiration, smoke inhalation, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism,reperfusion
Hematogenous injury to lung:
Sepsis, pancreatitis, nonthoracic trauma, IV drugs
Lung injury plus raised hydro thoracic pressure:
High altitude,neurogenic,Reexpansion
cherry color facial flush
carboxyhemoglobin
central cyanosis causes
decreased arterial oxygen saturation decreased atmoshperic presssure impaired pulmonary function anatomic shunts low oxygen affinity Hemoglobin
peripheral cyanosis causes
reduced cardiac output cold exposure redistribution of blood flow from extremities arterial obstruction venous obstruction
conditions causing central cyanosis
pulmonary edema
pneumonia
emphysema, COPD
conditions causing peripheral cyanosis
vasoconstriction : Cold air or water
arterial obstruction: embolus
raynauds phenomenon
raynauds phenomenon
spasm of arteries cause episodes of reduced blood flow
Primary :idiopathic
Secondary :
CT disorders : Scleroderma, SLE, RA, Ehlers-Danos, Marfans
Obstructive disorders: atherosclerosis,Buerger’s disease (thromboangitis obliterans),Takayasu’s arteritis,subclavian aneurysms,thoracic outlet syndrome
Drugs: B- blockers , Bleomycin ( cancer), bromocriptine, cyclosporine
Other: physical trauma,lyme disease,hypothyroidism
cryoglobulinemia
pulmonary causes of clubbing
metastatic lung cancer, mesothelioma, bronchectasis, lung abscess
git causes of clubbing
inflammatory bowel disease , hepatic cirrhosis
CVS cause of palpable spleen
Infective endocarditis
