Cardiac surgery Flashcards
Methods intended for direct myocardial oxygenation, except for:
A) Aorto-coronary bypass grafting (ACBG)
B) Coronary thromboendarterectomy
C) PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty)
D) IABP (intra-aortic balloon pump)
E) Pacemaker implantation
E) Pacemaker implantation
Surgical access methods for cardiac procedures, except for:
A) median sternotomy
B) left sided standard, antero-lateral thoracotomy
C) parasternal mediastinotomy
D) subcostal mediastinotomy
E) right sided postero-lateral subscapulary thoracotomy
E) right sided postero-lateral subscapulary thoracotomy
Your patient has fever following mechanical heart valve surgrey. Suggested methods of investigation are necessary, except for:
A) echocardiography
B) blood cultures
C) antibiotic therapy
D) diagnostic pericardial fluid sampling
E) redo valve surgery in presence of vegetations
D) diagnostic pericardial fluid sampling
Cardio-vascular mortality in Hungary:
A) is not significant
B) significant, but is comparable to current european trends
C) statistic data is not available
D) is second following mortality of malignancies
E) is on top of the mortality list
E) is on top of the mortality list
Haemoptysis can be a sign of the following cardio-pulmonary disorders, except for:
A) mitral regurgitation
B) mitral stenosis
C) aortic stenosis
D) pulmonary embolism
C) aortic stenosis
What is the exact location of the coarctation of the aorta?
A) between the right subclavian and the right carotid arteries
B) between the right and the left carotid arteries
C) between the left carotid and the left subclavian arteries
D) between the left subclavian artery and the duct of Botallo
D) between the left subclavian artery and the duct of Botallo
Symptoms of pericardial tamponade, except for:
A) elevated central venous pressure
B) decreased cardiac output
C) low blood pressure
D) elevated left ventricular filling pressure
D) elevated left ventricular filling pressure
Which of the following devices is capable of supporting circulation and providing oxygenisation at the same time following cardiac surgery?
A) intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)
B) single or biventricular circulatory assist device (VAD)
C) extracorporeal membrane oxygenisator (ECMO)
C) extracorporeal membrane oxygenisator (ECMO)
The following congenital cardiac defects depend on ductal circulation, except for:
A) pulmonary atresia
B) hypoplastic left heart syndrome
C) interruption of the aortic arch
D) ventricular septal defect
D) ventricular septal defect
Which procedure is palliative heart surgery?
A) aortic valve replacement
B) closure of ventricular septal defect
C) Blalock-Taussig shunt
D) coarctectomy
C) Blalock-Taussig shunt
Surgical correction procedure of the transposition of the great arteries:
A) arterial switch
B) closure of atrial septal defects
C) coarctectomy
A) arterial switch
Lifelong anticoagulation is necessary following the implantation of:
A) a stentless biological (tissue) heart valve
B) a mechanical heart valve
C) a homograft
D) a stented biological (tissue) heart valve
B) a mechanical heart valve
In which case is the implantation of a mechanical heart valve contraindicated?
A) poor left ventricular function
B) there is a contraindication for chronic anticoagulant therapy
C) chronic atrial fibrillation
B) there is a contraindication for chronic anticoagulant therapy
Emergency surgery is NOT indicated in acute myocardial infarction with the following mechanical complications:
A) left ventricular aneurysm
B) acut mitral regurgitation caused by papillary muscle rupture
C) rupture of the ventricular free wall
D) postinfarct ventricular septal defect
A) left ventricular aneurysm
Coronary angiography is necessary prior to surgery, except for:
1) patients older than 60 years of age with degenerative aortic valve stenosis
2) patients with angina pectoris
3) patients with persisting ischaemic symptoms following myocardial infarction
4) patients with mitral stenosis younger than 40 years of age
A) the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct
B) the 1st and 3rd answers are correct
C) the 2nd and 4th answers are correct
D) only the 4th answer is correct
E) all of the answers are correct
D) only the 4th answer is correct
