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Cardiology > Cardiac Rhythms > Flashcards

Cardiac Rhythms Flashcards

1
Q

SA node intrinsic rate

A

60-100

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2
Q

AV node intrinsic rate

A

40-60

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3
Q

purkinje fibers intrinsic rate

A

<40

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4
Q

energy moving towards a positive electrode =

A

upright waveform

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5
Q

energy moving towards a negative electrode

A

inverted waveform

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6
Q

big box =

A

0.2s

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7
Q

p wave represents

A

time it takes for impulse from SA to spread throughout atria (atrial depolarization)

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8
Q

small box =

A

0.04s

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9
Q

PR interval represents

A

time it takes for atria to depolarize and impulse to move through AV

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10
Q

normal PR interval

A

0.12-0.20s

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11
Q

QRS complex represents

A

time it takes for impulse to travel through ventricles

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12
Q

normal QRS duration

A

<0.12

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13
Q

ST segment represents

A

end of ventricular depolarization + beginning of ventricular repolarization

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14
Q

T wave represents

A

ventricular repolarization

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15
Q

QT represents

A

time from beginning of ventricular depolarization through end of ventricular repolarization

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16
Q

QT duration

A

</= 1/2 R-R (0.36-0.44)

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17
Q

what is the relative refractory area where it could result in lethal rhythm

A

downslope of T wave

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18
Q

calculating rate

A

number of squares between 2 R waves divided by 1500 (regular rhythms only)

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19
Q

1 big box = how many small box

A

5

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20
Q

what is a sinus rhythm

A

originates from the SA node

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21
Q

how long after an MI can ST elevation persist?

A

48hr, look for downtrends

22
Q

what two components make up the AV junction

A

bundle of HIS + AV node

23
Q

AV node function

A

slow conduction of electrical impulses from the atria

24
Q

characteristics of P wave in junctional rhythm when atria depolarize first

A

inverted P hugs QRS + PR < .12s

25
Q

characteristics of P wave in junctional rhythm when ventricles depolarize first

A

QRS followed by inverted P wave

26
Q

characteristics of P wave in junctional rhythm when atria + ventricles depolarize at same time

A

no p wave, hidden in QRS

27
Q

rate for junctional rhythm

A

40-60

28
Q

rate for accelerated junctional rhythm

A

61-100

29
Q

junctional tachycardia rate

A

101-150

30
Q

5 instances of risky PVC

A

new onset/6 or more per min/coupled or sequential/multifocal/occurring on vulnerable T wave

31
Q

what are AV heart blocks

A

block between SA and terminal purkinje fibers

32
Q

first degree AV block characteristics

A

PR >0.20 everything else regular

33
Q

2nd degree AV wencheback characteristics

A

PR longer longer longer drop + irregular rhythm

34
Q

2nd degree AV mobitz characteristics

A

constant PR interval for those QRS that have P’s

35
Q

3rd degree AV block characteristics

A

PR interval is random and no relationship of P to QRS wave

36
Q

in paced rhythms what does firing mean

A

electrical impulse that generates a spike

37
Q

in paced rhythms what does capture mean

A

response to pacemaker impulse generating a waveform

38
Q

in paced rhythms what does sensing mean

A

is the HR at least 60 + are there any spikes in places that dont make sense?

39
Q

who is at risk for sudden death

A

EF 35% or less and wide QRS

40
Q

what is failure to capture

A

pacemaker fires appropriately but pacer spike is not followed by a waveform

41
Q

what is failure to pace

A

pacemaker fails to fire leading to asystole or bradycardia

42
Q

what is failure to sense

A

pacemaker fails to see intrinsic electrical activity

43
Q

what are bundle branch blocks

A

impulse is stopped by bundle branch and will redirect through the unaffected side causing a widening QRS

44
Q

difference between SVT and ST

A

SVT HR = 150-250 + p waves are hidden or abnormal in appearance

45
Q

characteristics of idioventricular rhythm

A

HR = 20-40 + wide QRS and QT

46
Q

standard ECG settings

A

10mm amplitude + 25mm/s

47
Q

when is posterior MI suspected

A

ST depression/upright T waves/tall broad R waves in V1-V3

48
Q

when is 15 lead indicated

A

posterior MI suspected

49
Q

when is 18 lead indicated

A

inferior wall MI present and R ventricular wall suspected

50
Q
A

Cardiology (5 decks)

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