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Cardiac Rhythms Flashcards

1
Q

SA node intrinsic rate

A

60-100

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2
Q

AV node intrinsic rate

A

40-60

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3
Q

purkinje fibers intrinsic rate

A

<40

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4
Q

energy moving towards a positive electrode =

A

upright waveform

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5
Q

energy moving towards a negative electrode

A

inverted waveform

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6
Q

big box =

A

0.2s

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7
Q

p wave represents

A

time it takes for impulse from SA to spread throughout atria (atrial depolarization)

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8
Q

small box =

A

0.04s

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9
Q

PR interval represents

A

time it takes for atria to depolarize and impulse to move through AV

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10
Q

normal PR interval

A

0.12-0.20s

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11
Q

QRS complex represents

A

time it takes for impulse to travel through ventricles

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12
Q

normal QRS duration

A

<0.12

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13
Q

ST segment represents

A

end of ventricular depolarization + beginning of ventricular repolarization

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14
Q

T wave represents

A

ventricular repolarization

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15
Q

QT represents

A

time from beginning of ventricular depolarization through end of ventricular repolarization

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16
Q

QT duration

A

</= 1/2 R-R (0.36-0.44)

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17
Q

what is the relative refractory area where it could result in lethal rhythm

A

downslope of T wave

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18
Q

calculating rate

A

number of squares between 2 R waves divided by 1500 (regular rhythms only)

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19
Q

1 big box = how many small box

A

5

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20
Q

what is a sinus rhythm

A

originates from the SA node

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21
Q

how long after an MI can ST elevation persist?

A

48hr, look for downtrends

22
Q

what two components make up the AV junction

A

bundle of HIS + AV node

23
Q

AV node function

A

slow conduction of electrical impulses from the atria

24
Q

characteristics of P wave in junctional rhythm when atria depolarize first

A

inverted P hugs QRS + PR < .12s

25
characteristics of P wave in junctional rhythm when ventricles depolarize first
QRS followed by inverted P wave
26
characteristics of P wave in junctional rhythm when atria + ventricles depolarize at same time
no p wave, hidden in QRS
27
rate for junctional rhythm
40-60
28
rate for accelerated junctional rhythm
61-100
29
junctional tachycardia rate
101-150
30
5 instances of risky PVC
new onset/6 or more per min/coupled or sequential/multifocal/occurring on vulnerable T wave
31
what are AV heart blocks
block between SA and terminal purkinje fibers
32
first degree AV block characteristics
PR >0.20 everything else regular
33
2nd degree AV wencheback characteristics
PR longer longer longer drop + irregular rhythm
34
2nd degree AV mobitz characteristics
constant PR interval for those QRS that have P's
35
3rd degree AV block characteristics
PR interval is random and no relationship of P to QRS wave
36
in paced rhythms what does firing mean
electrical impulse that generates a spike
37
in paced rhythms what does capture mean
response to pacemaker impulse generating a waveform
38
in paced rhythms what does sensing mean
is the HR at least 60 + are there any spikes in places that dont make sense?
39
who is at risk for sudden death
EF 35% or less and wide QRS
40
what is failure to capture
pacemaker fires appropriately but pacer spike is not followed by a waveform
41
what is failure to pace
pacemaker fails to fire leading to asystole or bradycardia
42
what is failure to sense
pacemaker fails to see intrinsic electrical activity
43
what are bundle branch blocks
impulse is stopped by bundle branch and will redirect through the unaffected side causing a widening QRS
44
difference between SVT and ST
SVT HR = 150-250 + p waves are hidden or abnormal in appearance
45
characteristics of idioventricular rhythm
HR = 20-40 + wide QRS and QT
46
standard ECG settings
10mm amplitude + 25mm/s
47
when is posterior MI suspected
ST depression/upright T waves/tall broad R waves in V1-V3
48
when is 15 lead indicated
posterior MI suspected
49
when is 18 lead indicated
inferior wall MI present and R ventricular wall suspected
50

Cardiology (5 decks)

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