Cardiac Rehabilitation

Question 1

Heart Disease risk factors?

controllable

not controllable

Answer 1

controllable: smoking, diabetes, obesity, high lipids, high cholesterol HTN, lack of exercise, stress

not controllable: age, sex, family history

Question 2

myocardial infarction

Answer 2

HA

block in A, part of heart deprived of O2

Question 3

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Answer 3

Plaque build-up in Aa

Most common, leading cause of death

internal wall of A changes shape, collects plaque

A clogged, more narrow = atherosclerosis

Question 4

Treatment and OT intervention for CAD

Answer 4

coronary A bypass, graft, valve replacement, open heart surgery

sternal precautions, HEP

Question 5

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Answer 5

Heart unable to pump blood at adequate strength, can be caused by CAD, fluid backs up into lungs, SOB, enlarged heard

Question 6

Treatment for CHF

Answer 6

decreased sodium, decreased fluids, grading of activities, energy conservation

Question 7

Afib

Answer 7

irregular and ineffective contractions in both atria, failure of proper valve closure, can cause blood clots and lead to CVA

Question 8

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

Dz of heart muscles

difficult to properly pump blood to body

Symptoms: SOB, swollen legs and belly

meds, surgery, transplant, angioplasty, stent with drug coating, atherectomy

Question 9

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA angio)

Answer 9

catheter inserted into femoral A, through circulatory system into coronary Aa, radioactive dye injected, balloon inflated at site to push plaque against wall, balloon deflated, catheter removed

=improved circulation

Question 10

CABG

Answer 10

diseased section of coronary Aa bypassed with healthy blood vessels taken from other parts of body, open heart surgery

Question 11

Inpt OT Tx

Answer 11

Monitor ECG, BP, HR

progression of ADLs with METs
\monitor symptoms

HEP

Question 12

Outpt OT Tx

Answer 12

3x/week for 4-8 weeks

activity tolerance with progression of METs

weight training 2-4x/week if symptoms controlled

edu in risk factor mod

psychosocial referral if indicated

work hardening?

Question 13

Community Tx

Answer 13

physician referral

stress test

continuation of phase 2 activity progression with METs

progress is tolerates with less supervision

Question 14

COPD

Answer 14

damage to alveolar wall and inflammation in conduction airways

Question 15

emphysema

Answer 15

alveoli enlarged or ruptured, decrease elasticity

Question 16

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 16

long-term inflammation of bronchioles, diagnosed after 2 years, repeated episodes lasting longer than 3 months

Question 17

Symptoms of respiratory conditions

Answer 17

dyspnea, SOB, sputum production, fatigue, anxiety, depression, decreased nutrition, cough

Question 18

OT eval of pulmonary conditions

Answer 18

ADL asses, ROM, MMT, sensation, cognition, monitor HR, BP, SpO2, daily activity interview

Question 19

OT interventions for pulmonary conditions

Answer 19

ADL training, bathing, dressing of one extremity at a time, rest breaks, pursed lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, dyspnea controllable posturing, UE strengthening, stress management training

Question 20

dyspnea controllable posturing

Answer 20

lean forearms on knees/surface, propping self, relieves anxiety/SOB

Question 21

pursed lip breathing

Answer 21

slowly exhale through purse slips

inhale deeply through nose

exhale 2x longer than inhalation