Cardiac pathology

Question 1

Pathogenesis of MI?

Answer 1

coronary atheroscelrosis
plaque rupture
superimposed platelet activation
thrombosis and vasospasm
myocardial necrosis secondary to ischaemia
>20-40mins ischaemia leads to myocyte death

Question 1

what is prinzmetal angina?

Answer 1

coronary artery spasm
cocaine

Question 2

MI complications
chest pain
fever
effusion
weeks / months after?

Answer 2

Dressler’s syndrome

Question 3

persistent St elevation after an MI?

Answer 3

mechanical complication
ventricular aneurysm
echo this at risk group

Question 4

what is cardiogenic shock?

Answer 4

after an MI loss of contractile dysfucntion

Question 5

histological findings post MI
necrotic cell death?

Answer 5

6-24 hours

Question 6

decellularising scar tissue?

Answer 6

weeks months

Question 7

nutmeg liver?

Answer 7

hepatic cirrhosis due to right ventricular failure

or secondry to LV failure

Question 8

cardiomyopathy

Answer 8

dilated
hypertrophic
restrictive

Question 9

systolic function is impacted by dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 9

true

Question 10

acute rheumatic fever
criteria

Answer 10

Jones criteria
affects mitral
lancefield group A streptococcus pyogenes

Question 11

on histology aschoff bodies
/
beady fibrous vegetations
/
anitschkov myocytes

Answer 11

acute rheumatic fever
treat w benzylpenicillin
/ erythromycin if allergic

Question 12

Infective endocarditis - poor dental hygiene?

Answer 12

strep viridans

Question 13

how to diagnose based off duke criteria

Answer 13

5 minor
1 major and 3 minor
2 major

Question 14

how to treat IE

Answer 14

benzylpenicillin and genatmicin / vancomycin for 4 weeks

Question 15

early diastolic with collapsing pulse?

Answer 15

aortic regurgitation

Question 16

mid diastolic with opening click

Answer 16

mitral stenosis
rheumatic fever

Question 17

pansystolic radiates to axilla

Answer 17

mitral regurgitation
infective endo

Question 18

crescendo descendo
radiates to carotids?

Answer 18

aortic stenosis
calcificiation / old age
bicuspid

Question 19

early diastolic with collapsing pulse?

Answer 19

aortic regurgitation

Question 20

beck’s triad?

what is this in?

Answer 20

muffled heart sounds
raised JVP
hypotension

cardiac tamponade

Question 21

what can cause cardiac tamponade and most commonly occurs post viral infection?

Answer 21

pericarditis