Cardiac pathology Flashcards
Pathogenesis of MI?
coronary atheroscelrosis
plaque rupture
superimposed platelet activation
thrombosis and vasospasm
myocardial necrosis secondary to ischaemia
>20-40mins ischaemia leads to myocyte death
what is prinzmetal angina?
coronary artery spasm
cocaine
MI complications
chest pain
fever
effusion
weeks / months after?
Dressler’s syndrome
persistent St elevation after an MI?
mechanical complication
ventricular aneurysm
echo this at risk group
what is cardiogenic shock?
after an MI loss of contractile dysfucntion
histological findings post MI
necrotic cell death?
6-24 hours
decellularising scar tissue?
weeks months
nutmeg liver?
hepatic cirrhosis due to right ventricular failure
or secondry to LV failure
cardiomyopathy
dilated
hypertrophic
restrictive
systolic function is impacted by dilated cardiomyopathy
true
acute rheumatic fever
criteria
Jones criteria
affects mitral
lancefield group A streptococcus pyogenes
on histology aschoff bodies
/
beady fibrous vegetations
/
anitschkov myocytes
acute rheumatic fever
treat w benzylpenicillin
/ erythromycin if allergic
Infective endocarditis - poor dental hygiene?
strep viridans
how to diagnose based off duke criteria
5 minor
1 major and 3 minor
2 major
how to treat IE
benzylpenicillin and genatmicin / vancomycin for 4 weeks
early diastolic with collapsing pulse?
aortic regurgitation
mid diastolic with opening click
mitral stenosis
rheumatic fever
pansystolic radiates to axilla
mitral regurgitation
infective endo
crescendo descendo
radiates to carotids?
aortic stenosis
calcificiation / old age
bicuspid
early diastolic with collapsing pulse?
aortic regurgitation
beck’s triad?
what is this in?
muffled heart sounds
raised JVP
hypotension
cardiac tamponade
what can cause cardiac tamponade and most commonly occurs post viral infection?
pericarditis
