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AP numbers :) > Cardiac numbers (exam 4) > Flashcards

Cardiac numbers (exam 4) Flashcards

1
Q

How often does the SA node generate an action potential in a normal adult? (in seconds)

A

0.83 seconds

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2
Q

Normal HR

A

72 BPM

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3
Q

If we took out all the influence from the vagus nerve and sympathetic chain on the SA node, what would our HR be? (SA node by itself)

A

110 BPM

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4
Q

What would the HR be if the SA node and SNS were impacting it? (No vagal influence)

A

120 BPM

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5
Q

What would our HR be if it was only impacted by SA node and vagus nerve? (NO SNS input)

A

60-62 BPM

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6
Q

What would our HR be if it was controlled by the AV node?

A

40-60 BPM

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7
Q

What would our HR be if it was controlled by the purkinje fibers?

A

15-30 BPM

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8
Q

Vrm of SA node

A

-55 mV

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9
Q

Threshold potential for SA node

A

-40 mV

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10
Q

What phases are in a slow (nodal) action potential?

A

4,0,3 (maybe 2)

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11
Q

How many internodal pathways are there?

A

3 (anterior, middle and posterior)

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12
Q

Time it takes for an AP to move from SA node to AV node

A

0.03 seconds

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13
Q

How long does it take for the entire right atria to depolarize under normal conditions?

A

0.07 seconds

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14
Q

How long does it take for the very last part of the left atrium to depolarize?

A

0.09 seconds

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15
Q

How long does it take for the very last part of the left ventricle to depolarize?

A

0.22 seconds

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16
Q

How long is the delay for an action potential to make it through the AV node?

A

0.12 seconds

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17
Q

How long is the delay in the bundle of His?

A

0.01 seconds

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18
Q

Duration of the P wave

A

0.09 seconds

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19
Q

Total delay of AV node + Bundles of His

A

0.13 seconds

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20
Q

Total time it takes for an action potential to get from SA node to the interventricular septum where we have the two main bundle branches

A

0.16 seconds

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21
Q

Angle of electrical current during a typical heartbeat

A

59 degrees

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22
Q

Magnitude of depolarization of a fast action potential

A

100 mV

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23
Q

QRS complex magnitude of deflection

A

1.5 mV

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24
Q

How many boxes tall x long is the P wave?

A

2.5 X 2.5 small boxes

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25
Q

P-R interval duration

A

0.16 seconds

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26
Q

Ideal duration of QRS complex

A

0.06 seconds

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27
Q

How do we do the math for the ideal QRS complex duration?

A

0.22 seconds (entire left ventricle depolarized) - 0.16 seconds (AP reaches interventricular septum) = 0.06 seconds

This is how long it took for the ventricles to depolarize

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28
Q

Duration of endocardial fast action potential

A

0.25-0.35 seconds

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29
Q

QT interval duration

A

0.25-0.35 seconds

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30
Q

Normal R-R interval

A

0.83 seconds

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31
Q

How to calculate HR with RR interval?

A

60 seconds / RR interval = HR

32
Q

How many mV is a big box on an EKG?

A

0.5 mV

33
Q

How many mV is a small box on an EKG?

A

0.1 mV

34
Q

How many seconds is a big box on an EKG?

A

0.2 seconds

35
Q

How many seconds is a small box on an EKG?

A

0.04 seconds

36
Q

How quickly was paper fed into EKG machines in the olden days?

A

25 mm/second

37
Q

Vrm of purkinje fibers

A

-90 mV

38
Q

Vrm of ventricular muscle

A

-80 mV

39
Q

Threshold potential of ventricular muscle

A

-70 mV

40
Q

Threshold potential of purkinje fibers

A

-70 mV

41
Q

If you have a heart block, how long will it take for the ventricles to initiate their own action potential the first time?

A

30 seconds

42
Q

Cranial nerve V

A

trigeminal nerve

43
Q

Cranial nerve X

A

vagus nerve

44
Q

What is it called when a surgeon operates on an eyeball and it generates a complete heart block in the patient?

A

Five and dime reflex (V + X)

45
Q

Ohm’s law

A

V = IR

46
Q

What is the peak of an action potential in a ventricular myocyte?

A

+20 mV

47
Q

Angle of lead II

A

60 degrees

48
Q

Angle of lead III

A

120 degrees

49
Q

Angle of lead I

A

0 degrees

50
Q

Angle of aVF

A

90 degrees

51
Q

This augmented lead gives you a view that looks in the middle of leads II and III

A

aVF

52
Q

This augmented lead is rarely used

A

aVR

53
Q

Angle of aVL

A

150 degrees

54
Q

Angle of aVR

A

210 degrees

55
Q

How many “extra” leads are the precordial leads

A

6 extra leads (V1-V6)

56
Q

What are the anterior chest leads (#)?

A

V3 and V4

57
Q

These precordial leads are placed on either side of the sternum

A

V1 and V2

58
Q

These are known as the septal leads

A

V1 and V2

59
Q

These are known as the lateral chest leads

A

V5 and V6

60
Q

Where are leads V4, 5 and 6 located?

A

5th intercostal space on the patient’s left side

61
Q

Where is lead V3 located?

A

sandwiched in-between lead V4 and V2

62
Q

Where is V1 located?

A

Right side of the sternum, fourth intercostal space

63
Q

Where is V2 located?

A

Left side of the sternum, fourth intercostal space

64
Q

This precordial lead helps us differentiate if we have an anterior or posterior injury to the heart

A

V2

65
Q

This precordial lead will see almost all of the electrical activity of the heart and will have a big deflection

A

V4

66
Q

In incomplete heart block the PR interval is > ____ seconds

A

> 0.20 seconds

67
Q

In second degree heart block the PR interval increases ___ to ____ seconds

A

0.25-0.45 seconds

68
Q

Which is more dangerous - Mobitz one or Mobitz 2?

A

Mobitz type 2

69
Q

What are the ratios in Mobitz Type II; P waves: QRS complexes

A

2:1
3:2
3:1

70
Q

What is the ventricular escape in BPM in a complete heart block?

A

15-40 BPM

71
Q

In Stokes-Adams syndrome ventricular escape is delayed __ - __ seconds

A

5-30 seconds

72
Q

What is the threshold (in seconds) for maintaining consciousness without a heartbeat?

A

7-8 seconds

73
Q

What is the length in ms of a fast action potential?

A

~200 milliseconds

74
Q

In which phase are you most permeable to calcium in a fast action potential?

A

Phase 2

75
Q

This % of the population has a bundle of Kent

A

0.2%

76
Q
A

AP numbers :) (4 decks)

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