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Pharmacology > Cardiac MOA > Flashcards

Cardiac MOA Flashcards

1
Q

Thiazides

A

Reduce peripheral resistance; reduced sodium and water retention–> decreased cardiac output

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2
Q

Loops

A

Block Na+ and Cl- reabsorption in kidney (can be used in poor renal function); Cause decreased renal vascular resistance and increased renal blood flow

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3
Q

K+ Sparing Diuretic

A

Inhibit Sodium transport at late distal and collecting ducts (fluid stays in urine)

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4
Q

Aldosterone Antagonist

A

Aldosterone receptor antagonists; diminish cardiac remodeling in HF

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5
Q

Nonselective BB

A

Block Beta 1 and 2 Receptors (decrease CO, decreases sympathetic outflow, inhibit release of renin)

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6
Q

Cardioselective BB

A

Block Beta 1 Receptors

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7
Q

Mixed Selective BB

A

Block alpha 1, Beta 1 and 2 - causes vasodilation

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8
Q

Dihydropyridines

A

Peripheral dilation of arterioles via 1)blocking the movement of calciuminto smooth muscle cells to prevent contraction 2)Does not dilate veins

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9
Q

Nondihydropyridines

A

Heart and peripheral dilation of arterioles via 1)blocking the movement of calciuminto smooth muscle cells to prevent contraction 2)Does not dilate veins3)Decreases cardiac output

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10
Q

ACE Inhibitors

A

Inhibit conversion of angiotensin l to angiotensin ll to reduce BP

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11
Q

ARBs

A

Block angiotensin l from binding to angiotensin ll receptor to reduce BP

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12
Q

Direct Renin Inhibitors

A

Directly inhibits renin

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13
Q

Alpha-1 Antagonists

A

Block alpha 1 receptors (causes vasodilation, decrease peripheral resistance, decrease BP)

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14
Q

Alpha-2 Agonist

A

Centrally mediated-Reduce sympathetic outflow; enhance parasympathetic activity; reduceing HR, CO, total PR

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15
Q

Peripheral Sympathetic Inhibitors

A

Reduces sympathetic tone and PR; depletes NE from sympathetic nerve endings

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16
Q

Direct Vasodilators

A

Relax smooth muscles in arterioles; activates baroreceptors

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17
Q

IV Vasodilators

A

Acts as source of NO-smooth muscle relaxation in arteries and veins; decreases preload

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18
Q

Positive Inotropes

A

Causes vasodilation

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19
Q

Statins

A

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; reduce lipoprotein oxidation; enhance endothelium synthesis of nitric oxide and inhibit thrombus

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20
Q

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

A

Inhibits cholesterol absorption in the small intestine, preventing delivery to liver–>increase in clearance of cholesterol from blood (cholesterol ends up getting pulled from other parts of the body)

21
Q

PCSK9 Inhibitors

A

Inhibits binding of PCSK9 to LDL receptors on hepatocytes-more receptors to clear LDL from circulation

22
Q

Bile Acid Sequestrants

A

Bind to bile acids in the gut, which are then excreted (taken out of circulation to fulfil bodies need)

23
Q

Nicotinic Acid

A

Inhibits fatty acid release from adipose tissue and inhibits fatty acid and triglyceride production in liver cells

24
Q

Fibric Acid Derivatives

A

Activates PPAR-alpha, leading to the destruction and removal of triglycerides; increases HDL

25
Q

Omega-3 Fatty Acid

A

Reduces synthesis and increased clearance of tryglycerides

26
Q

Microsomal Transfer Protein Inhibitors

A

Oral inhibitor of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein-prevents assembly of Apo-B lipoproteins to reduce LDL

27
Q

Antisense Oligonucleotide

A

Prevent synthesis of ApoB, decreasing LDL

28
Q

Class l

A

Blocks Sodium from entering cardiac cell-difficult to depolarize

29
Q

Class ll

A

Inhibit AV nodal conduction by slowing AV nodal conduction and prolonging AV nodal refractorines

30
Q

Class lll

A

Blocks potassium from leaving cardiac cells, slows repolarization

31
Q

Class lV

A

Blocks calcium from entering cardiac cell; inhibits AV nodal conduction by slowing AV nodal conduction and prolonging AV nodal refractoriness

32
Q

Adenosine

A

Direct AV node inhibitor

33
Q

Digoxin

A
  1. Vagal stimulation (PNS); 2. Direct AV nodal inhibition; 3. Prolongs AV node refractoriness (slows heart and beats harder)
34
Q

Warfarin

A

Inhibit production of variety of vitamin K dependent factors and proteins in the coagulation cascade

35
Q

Xa Inhibitors-indirectly

A

Accelerates antithrombin to indirectly inhibit Xa in clotting cascade

36
Q

Xa Inhibitors-directly

A

Inhibits Xa directly

37
Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

A

Binds to thrombin to inhibit its interaction with other substrates to prevent clotting, works within the coagulation cascade

38
Q

Dabigatrin

A

Binds to thrombin reversibly to inhibit its interactions with other substrates to prevent clotting

39
Q

Heparin

A

Augments body’s natural anticoagulant, AT within the coagulation cascade (binds to Xa and thrombin to prevent their actions/interactions)

40
Q

LMWH

A

Prevents propagation and growth of formed thrombi; works in coagulation cascade to inhibit thrombin and Xa

41
Q

ASA

A

Inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-Inhibit platelet activation/ aggregation

42
Q

Dipyridamole

A

Inhibit platelet aggregation response

43
Q

P2Y12 Inhibitors

A

Inhibit P2Y12 receptors to reduce platelet activation

44
Q

GP llb/llla Receptor Inhibitor

A

Fibrinogen bridges btw GPllb and lla receptors prevent cross linking of platelets

45
Q

Fibrinolytics

A

Break up life threatening thrombi

46
Q

Short Acting Nitrates

A

Cause vasodilation; dilate epicardial coronary artery/collateral vessels; relieve vasospasms

47
Q

Long Acting Nitrates

A

Cause vasodilation; dilate epicardial coronary artery/collateral vessels; relieve vasospasms

48
Q

Ranolazine

A

Decreases left ventricular wall tension and myocardial oxygen consumption

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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