Cardiac Manifestations Laboy Flashcards
How can a systemic disease affect the heart?
- Increase demands on heart
- Cause arrhythmias
- Cause IHD and CAD
- Distort cardiac structure
DM is what type of risk factor for CAD, PAD, HF, MI and CVD?
Independent
What is the MC cause of death in DM 1 and 2?
CAD
Why do DM patients present atypically in IHD?
- Cardiac autonomic neuropathy from hyperglycemia
- Results in silent MI
What are “angina equivalent” symptoms in DM pts?
Nausea, dyspnea, pulm edema, arrhythmias, heart block, syncope
How does CAD develop in DM pts?
- Increased insulin resistance
- Endothelial dysfunction
- Thrombosis formation and platelet dysfunction
How does cardiomyopathy develop in DM?
DM triggers increased intra-ventricular collagen/fibrosis/inflammation (causes diastolic HF early on)
Hyperdynamic precordium is a cardiac manifestation of which systemic disease?
Hyperthyroidism
Cardiac symptoms a/w hyperthyroidism will respond to which medication?
PTU
Angina pectoris in hypothyroidism
Usually NOT experienced (low metabolic demands in hypothyroid)
How does protein energy malnutrition affect the heart?
- Myocardial atrophy
- Ventricular hypokinesis
- Systolic BP
- Generalized edema
What deficiency is found in many heart failure patients?
Thiamine (B1)
What deficiency is common in alcoholics?
Thiamine (B1)
Homocysteine and heart disease
Elevated homocysteine is an independent risk factor for athero
Deficiency in B6, 9 and 12 is inversely related to:
Homocysteine levels
