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Emergency Pharmacology > Cardiac Emergency Pharm > Flashcards

Cardiac Emergency Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

The preferred route of administration for nitro in the prehospital setting is?

A

Sublingual

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2
Q

When administering Epi in CA with a 1:10000 IV or IO the standard initial dose is?

A

1 MG

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3
Q

What pharmacological drug would you use to treat a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (Torsades)

A

Magnesium Sulfate

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4
Q

If avaliable what is the preferred method for clearing an arterial occlusion?
If this is not avaliable, what pharmacological route would you go?

A

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Fibrolytics

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5
Q

Excessive stimulation of the Vagus nerve may result in?

A

Bradycardia

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6
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Digoxin?

A

Digoxin has a negitive chronotropic (slows AV condution) and increased inotropic (force of cardiac contraction) effects.

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7
Q

The beneficial effects of Epi in CA are thought to be beacause of

A

Alpha- adrenergic effects

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8
Q

Lidocaine is contraindicated in which of the following?

A

High grade heart blocks

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9
Q

Vassopressin may be used in CA when?

A

As a replacement for the first or second epi dose

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10
Q

in Hemodynamically significant bradycardic pts, when you can not pace or it is not available the recommended dose of atropine sulfate is?

A

0.5 mg

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11
Q

Indications for Dopamine include?

A

Cardiogenic Shock

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12
Q

Because of it’s selective alpha 1 antagonistic properties, labetalol is indicated in?

A

Tachycardia

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13
Q

Amiodarone is indicated in which of the following life-threatening arrythmias?

A

Stable V Tach

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14
Q

What is the initial dosage if dopamine?

A

2-10 mcg/kg/min

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15
Q

Following the administration of adenosine, the pmed should be aware that?

A

Pt may experience arrythmias including transient asystole.

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16
Q

What metabolism occurs without the presence of oxygen is inefficeint nad is termed? or ___ metabolism

A

Anaerobic, glucose

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17
Q

Oxygen should be administered?

A

to any patient that needs it, pt’s with signs of hypoxia

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18
Q

When utilizing Sodium Bicard, it is important to understand that:

A

Sodium Bicard will inactivate catecholamines administered through the same IV line unless the line is flushed thoroughly

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19
Q

When preparing sodium nitro prusside for use in hypertensive emergencies, it is important to remember that?

A

Once mixed, keep wrapped in an opaque wrapper to not deactivate.

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20
Q

Furosemide works by?

A

Inhibiting the reuptake of sodium and chloride resulting in diuresis

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21
Q

Dobutamine is useful in CHF because:

A

It causes less increase in HR than other sympathomimetics

22
Q

In acute coronary syndrome, asprin is given because:

A

Asprin inhibits the aggregation of platelets preventing occlusion of Coronary arteries

23
Q

According to Vaughn-Williamson classification diltiazem(cardizem) is a class ____ antiarrythmic?

A

IV

24
Q

Contraindications that apply to both aspirin and clopidogrel include?

A

Bleeding disorders

25
Q

The system that plays an important role in maintenance of BP through endocrine regulation is?

A

Renin- angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS)

26
Q

A contraindication for the use of morphine sulfate is?

A

Hypovolemia

27
Q

It is important to understatd that the concomitant of a non selective B antagonist along with a slow Calcium Channel blocker may result in?

A

Asystole

28
Q

You are treating a pt who has bee id’d as having stable V-tach. Med control ordered Amiodarone. What is the correct dosage?

A

150 mg IV bolus infusion over 10 minutes

29
Q

Inital dose of Adenosine?

A

6 mg

30
Q

Chemically similar drugs such as dopamine, epi, neoepi, isuprel, and dobutamine are referred to as?

A

Catecholamines

31
Q

The primary use of a sympathomemetic in Emergency medicine is?

A

Increase BP in cardiogenic and septic shock.

32
Q

What would the infusion rate for an Epi drip be when treating Bradycardia?

A

1mg epi in 500 NS D5W titrated at 2-10 micrograms/min

33
Q

What would the infusion rate be for epi when treating post CA hypotension?

A

.1-.5 mcg/kg/minute.

34
Q

What is the dosage for Norepinephrine?

A

.1-.5 mcg/kg/min. 8 mg in 500 mL d5w 4mg in 250 bag. should use a pump due to potency.

35
Q

What is the correct doasge for Dopamine?

A

800 mg in 500 ml d5w initial infusion of 2 to 10 mcg/kg/min max of 20 mcg/kg/mkinute

36
Q

What is an intropic agent?

A

agent that changes the force of your heart’s contractions. + inotrope increases strength of Heartbeat, (-) inotrope weakens the force of the Heart beat.

37
Q

What is a chronotropic agent?

A

Changes the HR via rate or rythym. positive chronotro[pic increases HR i.e., Atropine, Negative chronotropic decreases HR i. digoxin/ cardizem (ditalizam)

38
Q

What does MONA stand for in treating AMI?

A

(M)orphine or analgesia, (O)xygen, (N)itro, (A)sprin

39
Q

B UH G C A F (Swearigen mnemonic)

A

(B)eta-blocker, (H)eparin, (G)lycoprotein, (C)lopidagril (bridge to Cabg) (A)ngioplasty, (F)ibrolytics

40
Q

Main objective for treating AMI

A

Get the mypocardium O2. via slow HR, slippery platelets, B Blockers, Clot busting, angioplasty.

41
Q

How would you treat a Narrow complex tachycardia that was regular?

A

SVT. Vagal Manuvers, Adenocard, BBlock, CaCH block, digoxin

42
Q

How would you treat a narrow complex irregular tachyacardia?

A

Afib or flutter, Ditalizam, Heparin, BBlock, CaCh block, digoxin

43
Q

How would you treat a Wide complex tachycardia that is regular?

A

Procamide, Amiodarone Softulol

44
Q

How would you treat a Wide complex tachycardia that was irregular?

A

Torsades, mag sulfate.

45
Q

How to treat bradycardia?

A

All Tall Dogs Eat. Atropine, Transcantaneous Pacing, Dopamine infusion, Epi Infusion.

46
Q

How to manage Cardiac Arrest?

A

CPR/monitor/shock/plan / epi 3-5/Hand Ts

47
Q

Manage AMI?

A

MONABUHGCAF

48
Q

How to treat CHF?

A

O2 w peep/Cpap/Nitro/Lasix/

49
Q

How to treat cardiogenic shock?

A

Cardiogenic shock is chf plus hypotension/ Dobutamine// Norepi, Neo

50
Q

How to treat hypertensive emergencies?

A

Nitrprusside/ BBblocker (Labutolol)/ CCH blocker( cardine)

51
Q

Numonic for Blocking classes

A

NBKC

Emergency Pharmacology (3 decks)

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