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PHYSICAL THERAPY > Cardiac Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiac Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

alpha-1 adrenergic agonist

A 
Blood pressure (Hypotension)
Nasal Congestion

*Phenylephrine, alt for pseudoephedrine

AE:

  • ^BP and HR
  • Headaches
  • Rebound nasal congestion
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Reflex bradycardia
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2
Q

beta-adrenergic agonist

A

Hemodynamic imbalances
Arrhythmias
Shock

*Unstable/ICU pts: Dopamine

AE:

  • Hypotension
  • Nausea/vomiting
  • Headache
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3
Q

alpha-adrenergic antagonists

A

HTN
CHF
Hyperplasia (^ prostate) –>leaky bladder
Raynaud’s Syndrome

AE:

  • Syncope, dizziness, lethargy
  • Hypotension
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4
Q

Rebound

A

Worsened condition with halt in medication

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5
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain caused by ischemia to myocardial muscles

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6
Q

Diuretics

A

*Encourage shed of excess fluid

HTN
Edema
CHF

AE:

  • Affects fluid/electrolyte balance
  • Hypotension
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7
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

High potassium

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8
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Low potassium

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9
Q

Syncope

A

Fainting, vasovagal response

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10
Q

beta blockers

A

HTN
CHF
Angina
Migraine headaches

“-olol”

  • Selective = specific to heart
  • Nonselective = heart and lungs

AE:

  • Depression
  • Diarrhea
  • Rebound HTN
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11
Q

Ca-channel blockers

A

HTN
Arrhythmias
Angina

AE:

  • Constipation
  • Headaches
  • Peripheral edema
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12
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

1 HTN medication

HTN
CHF
LVD, post MI
Diabetic nephropathy

“-pril”

  • Kidney protective
  • Reverses remodeling of heart and retinopathy
  • K sparing –> great to pair with diuretic

AE:

  • Dry cough
  • Angioedema
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13
Q

LVD

A

(Left Ventricular Dysfunction)

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14
Q

Angioedema

A

Swelling of eyes, lips, throat below skin surface

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15
Q

Neutropenia

A

Low WBCs (Neutrophils)

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16
Q

angiotensin receptor blockers

A

HTN
Diabetic nephropathy
Decreases risk of stroke
CHF

AE:

  • Rhabdomyolysis
  • Hypotension
  • Fatigue
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17
Q

Rhabdomyolysis

A

Breakdown of muscle tissue

-Fibers release myoglobin into blood

18
Q

LVH

A

(Left Ventricular Hypertrophy)
= thickening of myocardium
–>HTN, increased afterload

19
Q

selective aldosterone receptor blockers

A

HTN following MI

AE:

  • Hyponatremia
  • Flu-like symptoms
20
Q

Hypernatremia

A

High sodium

21
Q

Hyponatremia

A

Low sodium

22
Q

centrally-acting alpha-2 agonists

A

HTN
Decrease HR

  • Clonidine
    • black market use as withdrawal treatment

AE:

  • Dry mouth
  • Bradycardia
  • Rebound HTN
23
Q

statins

A

Hyperlipidemia

  • Increases HDL
  • Decreases LDL / VDL / Triglycerides

“-statin”

AE:

  • Rhabdomyolysis
  • Myalgia
24
Q

Hyperlipidemia

A

High cholesterol

25
Q

nicotinic acid

A

Hyperlipidemia

*Increases vasodilation = flushed face

26
Q

Myalgia

A

Muscle pain

27
Q

Myasthenia

A

Muscle weakness

28
Q

Asthenia

A

Weakness

29
Q

bile acid

A

Hyperlipidemia

  • Grain drug –> constipation
  • Interferes with lipid-soluble vitamins
30
Q

cardiac glycosides

A

CHF
Chronic Atrial Fibrillation

AE:

  • Need K in diet –> ventricular fibrillation
  • Dementia

*Narrow TI

31
Q

Fibrillation

A

Rapid, irregular, unsynchronized contraction of muscle fibers

32
Q

Defibrillation

A

Electric shock delivered to heart to regulate heart rhythms

33
Q

anticoagulants

A

Interfere with clotting cascade and prolong clotting time
= bleeding –> subdural hematomas

*Coumadin, Heparin, Warfarin

34
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in urine

35
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Low platelet count

36
Q

antiplatelets

A

Prevent platelets from sticking together

*Aspirin

37
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed

38
Q

low weight molecular heparins

A

DVT prophylaxis (LE joint replacements)

  • No lab work
  • Less risk of bleeding
  • No special diet
  • Pts inject themselves
39
Q

Prophylaxis

A

Medication/measure to prevent health problems

40
Q

Doubling Up

A

Taking multiple OTC meds at one time

41
Q

Compensatory Measures for Heart

A

Move –> Dangle/rest, talk –> sit up / stand with head down –> erect one vertebra at a time

42
Q

Why patients stop taking meds

A
  1. Adverse Effects
  2. Cost
  3. Selling
  4. Family members taking

PHYSICAL THERAPY (13 decks)

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