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Z MD1 Cardiac physiology > Cardiac drugs > Flashcards

Cardiac drugs Flashcards

1
Q

neostigmine/Pyridostigmine

A

AChE inhibitor used in the TREATMENT of myasthenia gravis

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2
Q

Abciximab

A

anti-platelet aggregation and activation GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonist monoclonal antibody prevents ADP binding to a platelet receptor

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3
Q

tubocurarine/vecuronium

A

Nicotinic receptor antagonist pre-surgical skeletal muscle relaxant non-depolarising

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3
Q

cocaine

A

blocks NA reuptake

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4
Q

atenlolol

A

B1 adrenoceptor antagonist - used for HT

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4
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

prils””

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5
Q

phenylephrine

A

alpha1 adrenoceptor agonist (BVs) used as a nasal decongestant

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8
Q

clopidigrel

A

anti-platelet aggregation and activation ADP receptor antagonist prevents binding of ADP to its receptor on platelets –> prevents platelet activation

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9
Q

beta-adrenoceptor antagonists

A

olols””

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10
Q

ivabradine

A

anti-angina specific and selective inhibition of the inward funny current in the sinus node - slows HR

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11
Q

fenofibrate

A

treatment for hypertriglyceridaemia agonist at nuclear receptors, so regulate gene expression –> increased synthesis of lipoprotein lipase –> increase the lipolysis of TG –> free FA

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12
Q

indirectly acting sympathomimetics

A

amphetamine ephedrine tyramine

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13
Q

atropine

A

anti-muscurinic reduces secretions and produces bronchodilation (anaesthesia) for certain types of bradycardia pupil dilation AChE inhibitor poisoning

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14
Q

hexamethonium

A

nicotinic receptor antagonist ganglion blocker

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15
Q

donepezil

A

AChE inhibitor used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (enters BBB well)

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15
Q

pilocarpine

A

muscarinic receptor agonist reduces intraoccular pressure for glaucoma

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15
Q

muscurinic receptor antagonists

A

atropine hysocine ipratropium

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16
Q

dobutamine

A

B1 adrenoceptor agonist (heart) - increases HR and force of contraction

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17
Q

lignocaine

A

Na+ channel blocker shorten repolarisation decrease ERP

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17
Q

gemfibrozil

A

treatment for hypertriglyceridaemia agonist at nuclear receptors, so regulate gene expression –> increased synthesis of lipoprotein lipase –> increase the lipolysis of TG –> free FA

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18
Q

phentolamine

A

alpha 1 and 2 adrenoceptor antagonist

20
Q

niacin

A

treatment for hypercholesterolaemia mechanism unclear –> reduces secretion of VLDL from liver and therefore reduces plasma LDL and TG

21
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac glycoside - inhibits Na/K ATPase pump in cardiac myocytes –> increasing Ca store in SR and therefore increases contractility

21
Q

ezetimibe

A

treatment for hypercholesterolaemia specifically inhibits cholesterol absorption in the intestine by binding to a sterol transporter

22
Q

beta adrenoceptor antagonists

A

B1 and B2 - propranolol B1 - atenolol

23
Q

isosorbide dinitrate

A

long-acting nitrate used to treat angina reduces preload via venous dilation

24
Q

GTN

A

nitrate - used to treat angina reduces preload via venous dilation

26
Q

Verapamil

A

cardioselective Ca2+ channel blocker Acts preferentially on the AV and SA nodes slows conduction velocity and increases refractoriness

27
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

verapamil diltiazem felodipine nifedipine

28
Q

edrophonium

A

AChE inhibitor used in DIAGNOSIS of myaesthenia gravis

29
Q

streptokinase

A

fibrinolytic drug activates plasminogen antigenic - single use only IV

30
Q

prazosin

A

alpha1 adrenoceptor antagonist used in hypertension

31
Q

aspirin

A

anti-platelet aggregation and activation irreversible COX inhibitor –> reduced thromboxane synthesis –> decreased platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

32
Q

carvedilol

A

Beta 1 and alpha 1 blocker Vasodilation –> reduces afterload Decreases HR and contracility Inhibits renin release and subsequent effects Protects against R downregulation

33
Q

alteplase

A

fibrinolytic drug more active on fibrin bound plasminogen IV

34
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

diuretic used to treat high blood pressure

35
Q

isoprenaline

A

B1 and B2 adrenoceptor agonist

35
Q

warfarin

A

anti-coagulant inhibits reduction of vitamin K –> inhibiting gamma carboxylation of glutamate in factors II, VII, IX and X

37
Q

alpha 1 and 2 antagonists

A

alpha 1 and 2 = phentolamine alpha 1 = prazosin

38
Q

Furosemide

A

Diuretic for treatment of heart failure Acts on the loop of henle Reduces blood volume and therefore preload

39
Q

AChE inhibitors

A

edrophonium neostigmine pyridostigmine donepezil

41
Q

propranolol

A

B1 and B2 adrenoceptor antagonist

42
Q

dobutamine

A

beta1-adrenoceptor agonist Increase HR and contracility Used for acute heart failure Not used for chronic - as increases oxygen demand of heart muscle and increases the risk of arrythmias

43
Q

heparin

A

anti-coagulant enhances activity of antithrombin III –> inactivates Xaand thrombin

44
Q

Spirolactone

A

Aldosterone receptor antagonist Inhibits aldosterone action of cortical and distal tubules of nephron (K+ sparing)

45
Q

Nicotinic receptor antagonists

A

tubocurarine/vecuronium hexamethonium

46
Q

beta adrenoceptor agonists

A

B1 and B2 - isoprenaline B1 - dobutamine B2 - salbutamol

47
Q

cholestyramine

A

treatment for hypercholesterolaemia bile acid sequestrants/resins - binds bile acid preventing gut absorption and increasing the demand for cholesterol for bile acid synthesis —–> reduces cholesterol in the blood

48
Q

hyoscine

A

anti-muscurinic motion sickness

50
Q

Metoprolol

A

Beta1 blocker Decreases HR and contracility Inhibits renin release and subsequent effects Protects against R downregulation

51
Q

Angiotensin receptor antagonists

A

sartans””

52
Q

colestipol

A

treatment for hypercholesterolaemia bile acid sequestrants/resins - binds bile acid preventing gut absorption and increasing the demand for cholesterol for bile acid synthesis —–> reduces cholesterol in the blood

Z MD1 Cardiac physiology (13 decks)

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