Cardiac cycle : pressure & volumes Flashcards
what are the 4 chambers of the heart?
What are the** 4 valves **of the heart?
- Atrioventricular valve
- **Biscupid **valve (also called mitral valve)
- Triscupid valve
- Semilunar valve/ pulmonary valve
- **Aortic **valve
What does the atrioventricular valve seperate?
- seperates the atria from the ventricles
- so, note if pressure is higher in the atria than the ventricles, then blood flows from A-V (high pressure - low pressure)
What does the bicuspid valve seperate?
- on the LEFT SIDE
- seperates the left atrium from the left ventricle
What does the tricuspid valve seperate?
- on the RIGHT side
- seperates the **right atrium from the right ventricle **
What dooes the semilunar/pulmonary valve seperate?
- seperates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery
What does the aortic valve seperate?
- seperates the left ventricle from the aorta
what is the cardiac cycle defined as?
the repeated pattern of cardiac contraction & relaxation
What is cardiac contraction defined as?
- systole
- pushes the blood out of the heart into vasculature
what is cardiac relaxation defined as?
- diastole
- allows the heart to fill with blood
What are the 2 phases of diastole called?
- Passive filling
- Atrial contraction
What does the passive filling phase involve?
- the **atria and ventricles are relaxed **
- the ventricles are** passively filled with blood**
- AV valves are open, Semi lunar valves are closed
What does atrial contraction involve?
- happens at the end of diastole
- 80% of blood has already filled the ventricles- note this action increases the EDV ventricular volume by 25%
- the** atria contract** and** fill the ventricles fully**
- AV valves open, SL valves closed
What is the** volume of blood** that fills the ventricle just before it contracts called?
- The end - diastolic volume (EDV)
What happens after the atrial contraction phase?
- the** pressure in the atria begins to fall**, this causes the closing of the AV valves (to prevent backflow from ventricles to atria)
- this produces the S1 sound and marks the beginning of the systole