Cardiac cycle Flashcards
During a single heart beat, the cardiac cycle consists of what four events
Electrical
Contractile
Pressure
Valvular
2 periods of cardiac cycle
Diastole
Systole
Diastole
Relaxation of heart muscle and refills with blood
Systole
Contraction of heart muscle and pumping of blood
Arterial line
Thin catheter inserted into an artery
Allow to draw blood easily
Blood pressure monitoring and blood tests
Measure SBP,DBP,MAP
Systolic pressure
120mmHg
Diastolic pressure
70mmHg - normally twice as long as systolic pressure at rest
MAP
87mmHg
How do you work out MAP
diastolic pressure + 1/3 of the pulse pressure
Pulse pressure equation
Systolic pressure - diastolic pressure
In cardiac cathertisation what screening tool is used to guide artery
X-ray
Where is a cardiac artery usually inserted
In the groin area
Threaded through vessels - pressure tracing as follows arteries or veins
What does the dicrotic notch represent
Closure of the aortic valve
Which ventricle is circular and thick walled
Left higher pressures
Which ventricle is crescent shaped and thin walled for low pressure
Right ventricle
What muscles anchor mitral valve leaflets
Prominent papillary muscles
In right heart catheterisation where do you enter the catheter
Neck
Sometimes groin
When is pulmonary artery wedge pressure increased
Vasoconstriction Fluid overload Right to left shunt VSD Left ventricular failure Pulmonary hypertension
When is pulmonary artery wedge pressure decreased
Vasodilation and hypovolaemia
Range for right atrial pressure
What is this equivalent to and seen clinically where
6/2
Central venous pressure
Jugular venous pressure
Pulmonary artery pressures
25/10
Right ventricle pressures
26/0
Left ventricle pressures
121/0
Left atrium pressures
7/3
