Cardiac Cycle Flashcards
Atrial Systole
Valves
At the end Mitral valve closes
Atrial Systole
Pressures
- High atrial pressure
- Low left ventricular pressure (equal to left atrial)
- Decreasing aortic pressure
Atrial Systole
Volume
Highest ventricular volume
Atrial Systole
Heart sound
S4
Atrial Systole
JVP Wave
a wave (represents atrial contraction)
Atrial Systole
ECG Wave
At the start p wave
Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction
Valves
At the start Mitral valve closes and at the end Aortic valve opens
Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction
Pressures
- Left atrial pressure decreases
- Rapid increase in left ventricular pressure
- Decreasing aortic pressure
Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction
Volume
Ventricular volume plateaus
Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction
Heart sound
S1
Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction
JVP Wave
No JVP wave
Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction
ECG Wave
At the start QRS complex
Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection
Valves
At the start Aortic valve opens
Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection
Pressures
- Low left atrial pressure
- Increasing left ventricular pressure
- Rapid increase in aortic pressure
Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection
Volume
Rapid decrease in ventricular volume
Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection
Heart sound
No heart sound
Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection
JVP Wave
c wave (Right ventricular contraction) and x descent (atrial relaxation and downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during ventricular contraction)
Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection
ECG Wave
ST segment
Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection
Valves
At the end Aortic valve closes
Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection
Pressures
- Low left atrial pressure
- Both left ventricular and aortic pressures plateau making the Dicrotic notch at its end
Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection
Volume
Decreasing ventricular volume
Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection
Heart sound
No heart sound
Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection
JVP Wave
No JVP wave
Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection
ECG Wave
T wave
Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation
Valves
At the start Aortic valve closes and at the end Mitral valve opens
Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation
Pressures
- Low left atrial pressure
- Rapid decrease in left ventricular pressure
- Second peak of aortic pressure
Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation
Volume
Ventricular volume plateaus
Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation
Heart sound
S2
Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation
JVP Wave
v wave (increased right atrial pressure due to filling against closed tricuspid valve)
Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation
ECG Wave
No ECG wave
Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling
Valves
At the start Mitral valve opens
Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling
Pressures
Decreasing left atrial, left ventricular and aortic pressures
Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling
Volume
Rapid increase in ventricular volume
Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling
Heart sound
S3
Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling
JVP Wave
y wave (right atrium emptying into right ventricle)
Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling
ECG Wave
No ECG wave
Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling
Valves
No valves
Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling
Pressures
- Left atrial and left ventricular pressures plateau
- Decreasing aortic pressure
Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling
Volume
Ventricular volume plateaus
Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling
Heart sounds
No heart sounds
Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling
JVP Wave
No JVP wave
Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling
ECG Wave
At the end p wave