Cardiac Cycle Flashcards by Tariq Ziad

Q

Atrial Systole

Valves

A

At the end Mitral valve closes

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Q

Atrial Systole

Pressures

A

High atrial pressure
Low left ventricular pressure (equal to left atrial)
Decreasing aortic pressure

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Q

Atrial Systole

Volume

A

Highest ventricular volume

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Q

Atrial Systole

Heart sound

A

S4

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Q

Atrial Systole

JVP Wave

A

a wave (represents atrial contraction)

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Q

Atrial Systole

ECG Wave

A

At the start p wave

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Q

Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction

Valves

A

At the start Mitral valve closes and at the end Aortic valve opens

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Q

Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction

Pressures

A

Left atrial pressure decreases
Rapid increase in left ventricular pressure
Decreasing aortic pressure

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Q

Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction

Volume

A

Ventricular volume plateaus

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Q

Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction

Heart sound

A

S1

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Q

Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction

JVP Wave

A

No JVP wave

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Q

Ventricular Systole Isovolumetric Contraction

ECG Wave

A

At the start QRS complex

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Q

Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection

Valves

A

At the start Aortic valve opens

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Q

Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection

Pressures

A

Low left atrial pressure
Increasing left ventricular pressure
Rapid increase in aortic pressure

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Q

Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection

Volume

A

Rapid decrease in ventricular volume

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Q

Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection

Heart sound

A

No heart sound

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Q

Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection

JVP Wave

A

c wave (Right ventricular contraction) and x descent (atrial relaxation and downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during ventricular contraction)

Q

Ventricular Systole Rapid Ejection

ECG Wave

A

ST segment

Q

Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection

Valves

A

At the end Aortic valve closes

Q

Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection

Pressures

A

Low left atrial pressure

- Both left ventricular and aortic pressures plateau making the Dicrotic notch at its end

Q

Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection

Volume

A

Decreasing ventricular volume

Q

Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection

Heart sound

A

No heart sound

Q

Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection

JVP Wave

A

No JVP wave

Q

Ventricular Systole Reduced Ejection

ECG Wave

A

T wave

Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation | Valves

At the start Aortic valve closes and at the end Mitral valve opens

Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation | Pressures

- Low left atrial pressure - Rapid decrease in left ventricular pressure - Second peak of aortic pressure

Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation | Volume

Ventricular volume plateaus

Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation | Heart sound

S2

Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation | JVP Wave

v wave (increased right atrial pressure due to filling against closed tricuspid valve)

Ventricular Diastole Isovolumetric Relaxation | ECG Wave

No ECG wave

Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling | Valves

At the start Mitral valve opens

Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling | Pressures

Decreasing left atrial, left ventricular and aortic pressures

Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling | Volume

Rapid increase in ventricular volume

Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling | Heart sound

S3

Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling | JVP Wave

y wave (right atrium emptying into right ventricle)

Ventricular Diastole Rapid Ventricular Filling | ECG Wave

No ECG wave

Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling | Valves

No valves

Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling | Pressures

- Left atrial and left ventricular pressures plateau | - Decreasing aortic pressure

Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling | Volume

Ventricular volume plateaus

Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling | Heart sounds

No heart sounds

Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling | JVP Wave

No JVP wave

Ventricular Diastole Reduced Ventricular Filling | ECG Wave

At the end p wave