Cardiac arrythmias

Question 1

congenital long QT syndrome

Answer 1

females

Torsades de pointes\
clarithromycin and erythromycin/ macrolides

Syncope
Sudden cardiac death if untreated

Autosomal dominant- romano ward , LQTS1
Resessive- deafness

Question 2

Short QT syndrome

Answer 2

K channel mutation
Children

rare

Question 3

Brugada syndrome

Answer 3

Risk of VT and VF – triggered by rest/sleep, fever, alcohol, big meals
AF
ST elevation in V1-3- RBBB

Diagnostic ecg inducing drugs- flecainide/ajmaline (na chanell blockers)

ICD implant for those who have cardiac arrest

Autosomal dominant
Males

Question 4

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachy/CPVT

Answer 4

VT- emotional stress, physical activity
Autosomal dominant- RyR2
Recessive- CASQ2

Avoid competitive sport
BB
ICD implant for cardiac arrest/ recurrent syncope

Flecainide- w1th bb if syncope recurrent

Question 5

Wolff Parkinson white syndrome

Answer 5

Short PR interval
Delta wave
AVRT- arrythmia
AF common

Question 6

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-

Answer 6

Mutation in sarcomere genes

HF
AF

HMC risk score for ICD implant
Avoid competitive sport

Question 7

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 7

Males

Question 8

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy /ARVC

Answer 8

Fibrofatty replacement of cardiomyocytes
Autosomal dominant
Recessive in non desmosomal genes

Avoid competitive sport