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CLASP: Sudden Death > Cardiac Arrest > Flashcards

Cardiac Arrest Flashcards

1
Q

How is cardiac arrest confirmed?

A

Check patient response
Open airway and check for breathing
Check carotid pulse

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2
Q

What is required for high quality chest compressions?

A

Hands centre of chest
5-6cm in depth and 2 per second
Allow for recoil
Avoid interruptions

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3
Q

What should happen to chest compressions once the airway is secured?

A

They should be continuous

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4
Q

What are the main shockable rhythms?

A

Ventricular fibrillation

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia

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5
Q

What are the main non-shockable rhythms?

A

Pulseless electrical activity

Asystole

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6
Q

Describe the appearance of ventricular fibrillation on an ECG

A

Bizarre irregular waveform
No recognisable QRS complexes
Random frequency and amplitude

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7
Q

Why is it important to try and reduce transthoracic impedance?

A

To reduce the amount of energy used

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8
Q

Give some ECG features of monomorphic VT

A

Broad complex rhythm
Rapid rate
Constant QRS morphology

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9
Q

What is polymorphic VT more commonly known as?

A

Torsade de pointes

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10
Q

After how many shocks should adrenaline and amiodarone be given?

A

Three

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11
Q

Give some features of asystole on ECG

A

Absent ventricular activity

Atrial activity may persist

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12
Q

What should be given to all patients immediately with a non-shockable rhythm?

A

Adrenaline 1mg IV

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13
Q

How does atrial flutter appear on an ECG?

A

Atrial rate = 250-350
Regular QRS complexes
‘Saw tooth’ pattern

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14
Q

How does atrial fibrillation appear on an ECG?

A

Irregularly irregular QRS

No P waves - atrial rate > 350

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15
Q

DC cardioversion is generally used for patients who are brady/tachycardic

A

Tachycardic

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16
Q

How does Torsade de Pointes present on an ECG?

A

Sinusoidal pattern

Rate = 200-250

17
Q

What drug should be used in place of amiodarone in Torsade de Pointes?

A

Magnesium sulfate

18
Q

What is the main feature of first degree heart block on an ECG?

A

Prolonged PR interval (>0.2s)

19
Q

How does 2nd degree Mobitz I heart block appear on ECG?

A

Regularly irregular rate

Increasing PR interval until QRS dropped

20
Q

How does 2nd degree Mobitz II heart block appear on ECG?

A

PR interval the same but QRS complex occasionally dropped

21
Q

How does 3rd degree heart block appear on ECG?

A

No relationship between P waves and QRS complexes

22
Q

What ECG leads are affected in an inferior MI?

A

II
III
aVF

23
Q

What coronary artery is affected in an inferior MI?

A

Right coronary artery

24
Q

What ECG leads are affected in a lateral MI?

A

I
aVL
V5/6

25
Q

What coronary artery is affected in a lateral MI?

A

Left circumflex artery

26
Q

What ECG leads are affected in an anterior MI?

A

V1-4

27
Q

What coronary artery is affected in an anterior MI?

A

Left anterior descending artery

CLASP: Sudden Death (5 decks)

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