Cardiac

Question 1

Patho of Hypertension

Answer 1

Changes in cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance

Question 2

Difference between primary and secondary hypertension?

Answer 2

Primary: Chronic elevation of BP without evidence of other disease
Secondary: Caused by disease - kidney disease, cocaine, brain trauma, medications (NSAIMS)

Question 3

Patho of Atherosclerosis

Answer 3

Hardening of the arteries, due to formation of fibre-fatty lesions in the intimal lining of large and medium sized arteries.

Question 4

Coronary Artery Disease is?

Answer 4

Most common form of heart disease

Two major forms are heart and angina

Question 5

Name and Describe the 3 main type of Angina

Answer 5

Stable - Caused by luminal narrowing and hardening of arterial walls (most common type)

Unstable - atherosclerotic plaque disruption, platelet aggregation. Occurs at rest, last more than 20 mins, severe.

Variant - Caused by spasm of the coronary arteries, usually occurs at rest

Question 6

AMI (Heart Attack) Patho

Answer 6

Ischaemic death of myocardial tissue
Determined by the coronary artery affected and its distribution of blood flow
Pain is severe and crushing
Not relieved by anginine or rest