Cardiac Flashcards
Where is the aortic valve located
Outflow tract from left ventricle, start of the aorta
Where is the pulmonary valve located
Outflow tract from right ventricle, start of pulmonary artery
Where is the tricuspid valve located
Between right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the mitral valve located
Between left aria and left ventricle
Where do the coronary arteries originate
Aortic sinus, just above aortic valve
Where does the RCA anatomically run
RCA runs along coronary sulcus - groove between atria and ventricles
What does the RCA supple
Inferior part of the heart and if right dominant (70-80%) posterior descending artery
SA & AV node
Describe how the PDA is supplied per dominance (%)
70-80% right dominant (RCA)
5-10% left dominant (circumflex)
10-20% co-dominant (RCA & circumflex)
How are the coronary arteries supplied
During myocardial contraction the coronary arteries and squeezed, therefore 85% perfusion during diastole
Describe coronary veins landmarks and end points
Coronary veins run parallel to arteries and terminate into the back of the heart via the coronary sinus into the right atrium
Describe phases (4,0,1,2,3) of the cardiac action potential
- Diastole- (-90mv)
0.Depolarisation- (Na+ channels open, close at 20mv but overshoots to 50mv) - Temp repolarisation- open K+
- Plateau phase- balance to prevent irregular rate / arrhythmias
- Rapid repolarisation
Frank starling law
Force depends on the extent to which fibres are stretched (can be overstretched reduces contractility)
Cardiac output equation
MAP equation
CO = SV x HR
MAP = CO x SVR
Short term regulation of BP
Baroreceptors
Long term management of BP
Kidney control via hormones:
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system
