Cardiac Flashcards
Carvedilol
-LOL
Slows heart beat
HTN, heart failure angina
Take at same time each day
Make sure bps high enough
SE:hypotension,ha,cold digits
Clopidigrel
Moa prevents platelet aggregation
Unique less bleeding than Asa
ADR active bleeding, anemia fever
Admin other anticoags, eggggo
Labs HgB, platelets
Aspirin
Moa prevents platelet aggregation
ADR salicylate toxicity (sxs tinnitus, hypervent and antidoteactivated charcoal
active bleeding, anemia fever
Admin other anticoags, eggggo
Labs HgB, platelets
Warfarin + antidote
MOA: inactivates clotting factors (vitamink)
Unique: win the WAR - turtle lifelong slow effectiveness - mechanical heart values
ADR: hemorrhage And thrombocytopenia
Admin: aaaa, chant, not witth 🤰 or spinal tap
Labs: INR 2-3
Warkin: warfarin, vitamin K, INR
antidote: vitamin k
Heparin+ antidote
MOA: inactivates clotting factors
Unique: Lose the battle, rabbit fast effectiveness, MI, emboli, DVT
ADR: hemorrhage And thrombocytopenia HIT
Admin: aaaa, chant, or spinal tap, No anti platelets,
Ok for 🤰
Labs: aptt (46-70) every 6 hrs. Monitor platelets
Antidote: protamine sulfate
HePTT heparin, protamine sulfate, PTT
Low molecular weight heparin +antidote
MOA: inactivates clotting factors
Unique: Prevention emboli, DVT and less risk than heparin And no labs,
ADR: hemorrhage And thrombocytopenia (rare hit)
Admin: aaaa, chant, or spinal tap, No anti platelets,
Ok for 🤰
Check H&H, maintain bp
Antidote: protamine sulfate
Rivaroxaban+ antidote
Moa: inhibits clotting factors (xa)
Unique: lower bleeding, single dose, no labs
Indication: during surgery, DVT, pe, stroke
Admin: caution with renal impairment, not for pregnancy, no EGGOS
Antidote: andexnet alpha
Altapase + antidote
MOA: breaks down fibrin - clot buster
Indication: acute MI, PE, ischemic stroke
Unique: No new injections, can release in body any clot
ADR: hemorrhage, intercranial bleeding, fever
Admin: No hypotension, no AAAA, periphery iv- not central line, monitor for bleeding and change in LOC
Antidote: blood products, IV Amincaproic acid
Which anticoagulant can pregnant women take?
Heparin, enoxoparin
What are the three tiers of platelet counts?
Norm: 150,000 _ 400,000
Low:<150, 000 is iffy
Critical: <50,000 is risky
What does Chant stand for?
C cirrhosis
H hepatitis
A alcohol
N saids
T Tylenol
What does aaaa stand for?
A active bleed
A accident
A aneurysms - history
A av malformation
High risk with anticoagulants And antiplatlets
What does EGGGOS stand for?
E vitamin E
G garlic
G ginseng
G Ginko B
O mega 3
S St. John’s wart
Educate patient to avoid while taking anticoagulants and antiplatelets
Which labs do you monitor for heparin
aPTT
Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
Which labs do you monitor for warfarin?
INR
aPTT
Which labs do youmonitor for clopidigrel?
Platelets >150,000
Medications that end in -PRIL (MOA, side effects)
“Chill -pril”
ACE inhibitors
MOA: prevent conversion of angiotensin
A avoid 🤰
A antihypertensive only
A add potassium
SE:
A angioedema (airway concern)
C cough (dry hacking)
E elevates potassium
Medications that end with -SARTAN (MOA & side effects)
“relax man”
ARB inhibitors
MOA: block angiotensin
A avoid 🫃
A antihypertensive only
A adds potassium
SE: No dry cough Or angioedema
Important patient education for ACEi and ARBi?
Diet: avoid food rich in potassium
Salt substitutes
Leafy green veggies
Avocados
Bananas
Citrus
Potatoes
Beans
Important tip for administering ACEi and ARBi?
If it is the first time a patient is taking these…
Stay at the bed side and monitor BP
