Carcinogens and Cancers

Question 1

Aflatoxins

Answer 1

HCC - derived from aspergillus, contaminated grains

Question 2

Alkylating agents

Answer 2

Leukemia/lymphoma - SE of chemo

Question 3

Alcohol

Answer 3

1. SCC (oropharynx & upper esophagus)
2. Pancreatic CA
3. HCC

Question 4

Arsenic

Answer 4

1. SCC of skin
2. Lung cancer
3. Angiosarcoma of liver

Question 5

Asbestos

Answer 5

1. Lung CA - more likely

2. Mesothelioma

Question 6

Cigarette smoke

Answer 6

1. CA of oropharynx, esophagus, lung, kidney, bladder and pancreas
   * Polycyclic hydrocarbons*

Question 7

Nitrosamines

Answer 7

Stomach CA (Intestinal type) - in smoked foods, responsible for inc. incidence in Japan

Question 8

Naphthylamine

Answer 8

Urothelial CA of bladder - cigarette smoke

Question 9

Vinyl chloride

Answer 9

Angiosarcoma of liver - occupational to make PVC pipes

Question 10

Nickel, chromium, beryllium, or silica

Answer 10

Lung CA - occupational

Question 11

EBV

Answer 11

1. Nasopharyngeal CA
2. Burkitt Lymphoma
3. CNS Lymphoma (AIDS)

Question 12

HHV-8

Answer 12

Kaposi Sarcoma (purplish raised skins lesions) - AIDS, transplant pt, E. European males

Question 13

HBV and HCV

Answer 13

HCC

Question 14

HTLV-1

Answer 14

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

Question 15

High-risk HPV (16, 18, 31, 33)

Answer 15

1. SCC of vulva, vagina, anus, and cervix

2. AdenoCA of cervix

Question 16

Ionizing radiation (nuclear reactor accidents/radiotherapy)

Answer 16

• Generates hydroxyl free radicals- (*OH)
  1. AML
  2. CML
  3. Papillary CA of thyroid

Question 17

Non-ionizing radiation (UVB sunlight)

Answer 17

• Pyrimidine dimers in DNA-
  1. Basal cell CA skin
  2. SCC skin
  3. Melanoma skin