carbs (c)

Question 1

why is starch unreactive and stable

Answer 1

anomeric carbon is involved in glycosidic bond formation, leaving few free anomeric hydroxyl groups

Question 2

starch is composed of several hundreds to thousands glucose monomers. hence,

Answer 2

hence, it acts as a large store of carbon

Question 3

how is amylose compact

Answer 3

amylose molecules are helical in shape

Question 4

amylopectin is highly branched due to the presence of @(1,6) glycosidic bond. so??

Answer 4

hence amylopectin is compact and there are many free ends available for hydrolysis by amylase

Question 5

how does starch not affect water potential of cells and living organism?

Answer 5

starch is large and insoluble

Question 6

glycogen’s structure and adaptation to function is same as?

Answer 6

starch

Question 7

how is ß(1,4) glycosidic bond formed and what’s the effect on cellulose’s structure

Answer 7

the alternate monomers are inverted to form the ß(1,4) glycosidic bond. hence, cellulose forms a long, unbranded straight chain.

Question 8

how does cellulose provide high tensile strength?

3 points

Answer 8

1. alternate ß glucose monomers are inverted and linked by ß(1,4) glycosidic bonds to form a straight unbranched and long chain.
2. there is extensive hydrogen bonding between chains, forming rigid cross-links
3. straight parallel chains are grouped into microfibrils which eventually associate to form macrofibrils

Question 9

how is cellulose so stable?

2 parts

Answer 9

ß glucose units are linked by ß(1,4) glycosidic bonds which has a different molecular shape than @(1,4) glycosidic bonds in amylose and amylopectin.

since amylase can only hydrolyse the bonds found in starch and very few organisms produce cellulase, cellulose is stable

Question 10

cellulose is L____ and I_____

Answer 10

large and insoluble