Carbs Flashcards
Name 4 types of Carbs
Glucose
Starch
Fibre
Glycogen
What is starch an example of?
Carbohydrate
Is glucose a carb or a protein?
Carb
What 3 elements exist as to comprise Carbohydrate?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Hexagons or Pentagons?
Carbohydrates!
Carbohydrates are made from….
Monosaccharides
Most carbohydrates are….?
Polymers
Polymers are large complex molecules composed of …..?
Long chains of monomers joined together
Monomers are….?
Small basic molecular units
Examples of monomers include….
Monosaccharides
Amino acids
Nucleotides
All carbs contain…..?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Monomers are made from…
Monosaccharides
Examples of monosaccharides
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
How is Glucose arrnaged?
Glucose is a HEXOSE sugar - a monosaccharide with 6 carbon atoms in each molecule
2 types of glucose….?
Alpha
Beta
Alpha and Beta glucose are both isomers (molecules with the same molecular formula) but differ how?
Atoms are arranged differently - ‘above’ for Alpha and ‘below’ for Beta
What is the main monosaccharide used by the body?
Alpha glucose
What is Alpha glucose used for in the body?
It is fundamental to the production of energy in the form of ATP within the cell during the process of CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Plants use beta - glucose. Why?
It synthesises the cellulose that makes up the plant cell walls
Beta-Glucose is only different to Alpha because…
…of the alternate position of hydroxyl (OH) positioning on the carbon. (Above for Alpha and Below for Beta)
Both Alpha and Beta Glucose are what?
Isomers
Both Alpha and Beta Glucose are ISOMERS as they possess the same chemical formula of C6 H12 O6) so what is different?
They have different structural arrangements
Additional hexosze sugar that is an isomer of GLUCOSE is called….?
Fructose
Two monosaccharides that have bonded together at an oxygen atom in a condensation reaction are called…..
Disaccharides
