Carbs

Question 1

How many kcal’s are in Carbohydrates?

Answer 1

4 kcal

Question 2

How many kcal’s in fiber?

Answer 2

0 kcal

Question 3

How many kcal’s in sugar?

Answer 3

4 kcal

Question 4

How many kcal’s in starch?

Answer 4

4 kcal

Question 5

How many kcal’s in alcohol?

Answer 5

7 kcal

Question 6

Starches and sugars are broken down to _____.

Answer 6

Monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, and galactose)

Question 7

Glucose is necessary for _____.

Answer 7

• Providing energy for cells (anabolic)
• formation of specific sugars
• formation of fatty acids and non-essential amino acids (DNA/RNA)

Question 8

What enzyme breaks down Carbs in the mouth?

Answer 8

(salivary) amylase

Question 9

What enzyme breaks down Carbs in the SI?

Answer 9

amylase (from the pancreas)

Question 10

Humans cannot break down _____

Answer 10

cellulose

Question 11

The rate of breakdown and absorption is affected by ____

Answer 11

• molecular structure
• how much is in the diet
• the ratio of the various sugars

Question 12

All monosaccarides can be absorbed _____

Answer 12

through the intestinal wall into the blood

Question 13

_____ is absorbed very quickly and _____ much slower.

Answer 13

Glucose; fructose

Question 14

Excess dietary glucose is first stored_______

Answer 14

as glycogen in muscle and liver.

Question 15

When saturation occurs, the additional is converted and stored as ______.

Answer 15

fat (triglycerides) in adipocytes.

Question 16

Glycogen is only found in _____

Answer 16

animal tissues

Question 17

Starch and fiber are found only in ____.

Answer 17

plants

Question 18

_____ is the cell wall of a plant.

Answer 18

Fiber

Question 19

______ is the cell wall of an animal.

Answer 19

Cholesterol

Question 20

Name the three monosaccharides

Answer 20

Glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 21

Name the three disaccharides

Answer 21

Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose

Question 22

Monosaccharides and disaccharides are both ____

Answer 22

simple sugars

Question 23

An example of an oligosaccharide is ____

Answer 23

Alpha-galactosides

Question 24

Two types of alpha-galactosides are _____

Answer 24

raffinose and stachyose

Question 25

Name the sugars

Answer 25

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and fructooligosaccharides

Question 26

Name the starch polysaccharides

Answer 26

amylose, amylopectin, and modified food starches

Question 27

Fructooligosaccharides are ____

Answer 27

sugars, starch, and fiber

Question 28

Name the non starch polysaccharides

Answer 28

cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, beta-glucans, fructans, gums, mucilages, and algal polysaccharides

Question 29

Non starch polysaccharides are also

Answer 29

fiber!

Question 30

Name the insoluble fibers

Answer 30

Cellulose and hemicellulose

Question 31

Name the soluble fibers

Answer 31

Pectins, beta-glucans, fructans, gums, mucilages, and algal polysaccharides