carboxylic acids and esters

Question 1

what two reagents can be used to hydrolyse esters

Answer 1

h2O and NaOH

Question 2

what are some uses of ester

Answer 2

-animal fats
-vegetable oils
-perfumes
-flavourings

Question 3

what are the two types of acylating reagents

Answer 3

-acylchlorides
-acid anhydrides

Question 4

what are the products formed when an acyl chloride reacts with
-water
-alcohol
-ammonia
-amine/ ethylamine

Answer 4

-water: carboxylic acid
-alcohol: ester
-ammonia: amide
-amine/ ethylamine : N~ substituted amide

Question 5

was is the observation when acylchloride reacts with water or alcohol

Answer 5

misty fumes

Question 6

what mechanism is it when acyl chloride reacts with any of the reagents (water, alcohol, ammonia, amine)

Answer 6

nucleophilic addition-elimination

Question 7

why are acid anhydrides used more than acylchlorides in industries

Answer 7

-theyre cheaper
-theyre less corrosive
-they dont react water
-they are alot safer as the side product is a carboxylic acid wheres acyl chloride produces hcl vapours