carboxylic acids Flashcards

1
Q

why are carboxylic acids soluble

A

C=0 and O=H bonds are polar

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2
Q

What do carboxylic acids react with for a redox reaction

A

metals

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3
Q

What do carboxylic acids react with for a neutralisation reaction

A

bases and alkalis

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4
Q

what does carboxylic acid and metal

A

carboxylate salt and hydrogen

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5
Q

What happens when carboxylic acid reacts with metal

A

the H from OH is gone making the carboxylate negatively charged, metal is added with positive charge

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6
Q

carboxylic acid and metal oxide

A

water and salt

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7
Q

carboxylic acid and alkalis

A

water and salt

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8
Q

carboxylic acid and carbonates

A

Co2 and H20 and salt

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9
Q

why is the reaction with carboxylic acid and carbonates important

A

only carboxyl group that is acidic enough to react

can help distinguish between phenols and carbox as phenols cannot react with carbonates

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10
Q

Ester functional group

A

C=0-O

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11
Q

How do you name an ester

A

First, the hydrocarbon attached to the C-O bond than the other one

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12
Q

acyl chloride functional group

A

C=O-Cl

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13
Q

How to name an acyl chloride

A

Get rid of the -oic acid and replace with -oyl chloride

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14
Q

How are acid anhydrides formed

A

Removal of water from 2 carboxilyic acids to get

C=0-O-C=O

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15
Q

How do you name an acid anhydride

A

Get rid of the -acid and add anhydride

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16
Q

What do you need to turn an carbox into an ester

A

react with alcohol

17
Q

conditions for the creation of ester

A

the alcohol warmed with carboxilyic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid

18
Q

What does a carboxylic acid and alcohol produce

A

ester and water

19
Q

What is hydrolysis

A

the chemical breakdown of a compound in the presence of water or aqueous solution

20
Q

What does the reaction of ester and water

A

carbox and alcohol

21
Q

Conditions for the hydrolysis of ester

A

ester heated under reflux with dilute aqueous acid

22
Q

what do ester and OH ions make (alkaline hydrolysis)

A

water and carboxilate ion to make a salt

23
Q

What are the other names for alkaline hydrolysis

A

saponification

24
Q

Conditions for alkaline hydrolysis with ester

A

and reflux with hot aqueous hydroxide ions

25
how can a carboxylic acid make an acyl chloride
react with SoCl2
26
What does carboxylic acid and SOcl2 make
acyl chloride, SO2 and HCL both gases
27
what do acyl chloride and cold water make
Carboxylic acid and HCL
28
What do acyl chloride and alcohol make
Ester and HCL
29
ammonia chemical equation
NH3
30
what is an amide
C bonded to NH2
31
What does acyl chloride + ammonia make
primary amide and HCL
32
Why isn't phenol and acyl chloride normally used to make an ester
slow reaction