Carboxylic Acids

Question 1

Carboxylic acid

Answer 1

Both a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group bound to the same carbon

Question 2

Suffix for carboxylic acids?

Answer 2

-oic acid

Question 3

Suffix of cyclic carboxylic acids

Answer 3

Carboxylic acid

Question 4

Salt of carboxylic acid suffix

Answer 4

-oate

Question 5

Smallest dicarboxylic acid?

Answer 5

Oxalic acid (2C)

Question 6

Suffix for dicarboxylic acids

Answer 6

-dioic acid

Question 7

Dimers

Answer 7

Typical of carboxylic acids to form a pair of molecules connected by two hydrogen bonds

Question 8

What elevates acidity of carboxylic acids?

Answer 8

Addition of electronegative groups to delocalize charge

Question 9

More resonance stability increases what?

Answer 9

Acidity

Question 10

What is more acidic, a strong acid or a carboxylic acid?

Answer 10

Strong acid

Question 11

What is more acidic, a dicarboxylic acid or monocarboxylic acid?

Answer 11

Dicarboxylic acid

Question 12

What is more acidic, the first or second proton of a dicarboxylic acid?

Answer 12

1st proton

Question 13

B-dicarboxylic acid

Answer 13

Dicarboxylic acid in which each carboxylic acid is positioned on a B-carbon of the other
High acidity of a-hydrogens on B-carbon but less so than hydroxyl hydrogens
Resonance stabilization

Question 14

What oxidant is often used to oxidize aldehydes and primary alcohols?

Answer 14

Dichromate salt, chromoium trioxide, postassium permanganate

Question 15

Nucleophilic acyl substitution

Answer 15

Leaving group in carboxylic acid and their derivatives

Question 16

Acyl derivative

Answer 16

All molecules with carboxylic acid derivatives

Question 17

Weak bases, conjugate of strong acids make?

Answer 17

Good leaving groups

Question 18

Amide

Answer 18

If incoming nucleophile is ammonia/amine a amide can be formed in acidic or basic solution

Question 19

Lactam

Answer 19

Cyclic amide

Question 20

Ester

Answer 20

ROR

Made by reacting carboxylic acid with alochols in acidic conditions

Question 21

Esterification

Answer 21

Condensation with water as a product

Question 22

During esterification, what can increase reaction

Answer 22

Protonation of C=O bond to increase electrophilicity

Question 23

Suffix of esters

Answer 23

-oate

Question 24

Lactone

Answer 24

Cyclic ester

Question 25

Anhydride

Answer 25

Condensation of two carboxylic acids | Nucleophilic acyl substitiution

Question 26

Lithium aluminum hydride has what affect on carboxylic acid?

Answer 26

Reduction to alcohol by nucleophilc addition of hydride

Question 27

Can sodium borohydride reduce carboxlic acid?

Answer 27

No

Question 28

Decarboxylation

Answer 28

Complete loss of carboxyl group as carbon dioxide Spontaneous of dicarboxylic acids and B-keto acids when heated Formation of single hydrogen in its place

Question 29

Saponification

Answer 29

Long-chain carboxylic acids react with sodium or postassium hydroxide to form a salt to make soap (like fatty acid with lye)-forms micelles

Question 30

B-keto acid

Answer 30

Carbonyl functional group at the B-position from a carboxyl group

Question 31

What is also formed during amide formation?

Answer 31

Water